Examples of using Epitopes in English and their translations into Vietnamese
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Since an antigen can have multiple different epitopes, a number of antibodies can bind to the protein.
When the bacteriophages are combined with a blood sample,antibodies in the blood identify and bind to these epitopes.
Barbara Horvath, MD- Characterizing molecular pathways, epitopes, eosinophils and IL-31 expression in bullous and nonbullous pemphigoid.
Minimal epitopes expressed in a recombinant polyepitope protein are processed and presented to CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells: implications for vaccine design.
Healthy individuals from endemic areas recognize nonpathogenic epitopes of Dsg1, and exposure to hematophagous insects is a risk factor for FS.
These spliced epitopes were thought to be rare, but the scientists have now identified thousands of them by developing a new method that allowed them to map the surface of cells and identify a myriad of previously unknown epitopes.
A possible explanation for this uniquepresentation may be the presence of either novel epitopes or an association with embryonic or scar tissue located in the umbilical-cord region.
The CD nomenclature was proposed and established in the 1st International Workshop and Conference on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens(HLDA), which was held in Paris in 1982.[4][5] This system was intended for the classification of the many monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)generated by different laboratories around the world against epitopes on the surface molecules of leukocytes(white blood cells).
The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes(amino acids and/or sugars) on the surface of the pathogen, while keeping essential epitopes concealed.
Kaul and co-workers were able to show that CD8 T cells from HIV-1-exposed butuninfected African women recognize different epitopes than CD8 T cells from HIV-1-infected African women(62).
Antigen-presenting cells(APCs) such as dendritic cells take up antigens from the vaccine, process them into epitopes, and present the epitopes to T-cells via Major Histocompatibility Complex proteins.
Explaining how VirScan identifies viruses in blood samples, the researchers note that antiviral antibodies present in theblood recognize unique characteristics known as epitopes, which are found in peptides on the surface of each bacteriophage.
To develop vaccine with stable efficiency against easily transforming virus such as influenza H5N1 virus,bioinformatic tools have been used to predict conserved epitopes from viral antigens to be used as materials for development of polyvalent vaccine against this virus.
Conversely, these T cells also blocked the growth of teratomas in mice injected with nonirradiated iPS cells,showing that the activated T cells were recognising epitopes that are shared between the breast cancer cells and the iPS cells.
To encourage that defensive reaction, Janda's team designed small molecules called haptens that resemble the opioid molecules,but with proteins attached called epitopes that act as a binding site for antibodies produced by the immune system.
The techniques of the other three groups- led by Robert Singer of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Marvin Tanenbaum of the Hubrecht Institute in the Netherlands, and Xiaowei Zhuang of Harvard University-used either the same or similar stem-loop epitopes for mRNA detection as Stasevich, but made use of a system called SunTag, developed by Tanenbaum in 2014, for detecting the proteins' translation.
Synthetic epitope vaccine.
An epitope is usually made up of a 5-8 amino acid long chain on the surface of the protein.
ISBT№[1] System name System symbol Epitope or carrier, notes[citation needed] Chromosome 001 ABO ABO Carbohydrate(N-Acetylgalactosamine, galactose).
If the epitope exists on a single polypeptide chain, it is a continuous, or linear epitope.
And I was thinking that your body hated it, at the time, because weare very immune to this. This is called alpha-gal epitope.
Palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody(IgG) directed against an epitope in the A antigenic site of the F protein of RSV.
If T-cells recognize the epitope as foreign, the adaptive immune system is activated and target cells that express the antigens.[1].
The study identified the structural proteins of the virus,revealing potential protective antigens and key information on the epitope, the part of an antigen molecule that an antibody attaches to.
A long- term study of a patient with anti-p200 pemphigoid-correlation of autoantibody levels with disease activity and an example of epitope spreading.
A long- term study of a patient with anti-p200 pemphigoid-correlation of autoantibody levels with disease activity and an example of epitope spreading International Pemphigus Pemphigoid Foundation(IPPF).
Obinutuzumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to an epitope on CD20 that partially overlaps with the epitope recognized by rituximab.[2].
It targets CD20 marker on B lymphocytes and hence is an immunosuppressive drug.[1] Ocrelizumab binds to an epitope that overlaps with the epitope to which rituximab binds.[1].
Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to an CD20 epitope that overlaps partially with the epitope to which rituximab binds.[1] It has an immunoglobulin G1 with a variable region against human CD20, with a human-mouse monoclonal 2H7 γ1-chain, bound via disulfide links with human-mouse monoclonal 2H7 κ-chain in a dimer.[6].