Examples of using Zooxanthellae in English and their translations into Vietnamese
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Symbiodinium species(zooxanthellae) contain an accessory pigment called peridinin.
The red LEDs stimulate Chlorophyll A andB production which is necessary for zooxanthellae growth and health.
The Zooxanthellae depend on light of the correct intensity and spectrum to grow and flourish.
Without sufficient light of the proper spectrum, the zooxanthellae algae cannot supply enough food for the coral to grow properly.
The Zooxanthellae provide food for the coral, and in return the coral provides protection from would be herbivores.
If the temperature is too low ortoo high, the zooxanthellae algae, which most corals require for survival, will die or vacate the polyps.
Zooxanthellae are not very flexible when it comes to water temperature; they do best at temperatures between 23-28 C(73-82 F).
Mildly bleached corals can recover if the temperature drops and zooxanthellae are able to recolonise them, otherwise the coral may die.
Photoadaptation allows zooxanthellae to lower their Compensation and Saturation Points as depth increases(and available light decreases) and in shaded areas.
Corals adapt to a specific spectrum andchanging this throughout the day can be detrimental to the Zooxanthellae that provide the majority of their food.
In this case, the number of zooxanthellae cells will increase as well as the amount of chlorophyll within those cells.
Certain corals are also filter feeders,but they may get most of what they need from the photosynthesis of the zooxanthellae in their tissues.
Without the presence of Zooxanthellae these animals would die as they produce 90% of the food requirements these animals require.
FE, or iron is a usefulminor element that increases growth of corals as their zooxanthellae algae feed on this iron thereby producing more food for the coral.
The Zooxanthellae that live in coral tissue depend heavily on specific types of light energy to flourish in a symbiotic relationship with the host coral.
The thickness of these clams' mantles also allows self-shading of zooxanthellae which, of course, increases the light requirements by increasing the Saturation Point.
The numbers of zooxanthellae cells and amount of chlorophyll vary in response to light intensity so that the coral continues to receive the necessary nutrients.
Most corals derivemuch of their food requirements through photosynthesis whereby the zooxanthellae that reside within their tissue provide the food source for them.
For zooxanthellae in your coral's tissue, the light peaking at 450nm will have greater PUR than the light that peaks at 590nm, although the PAR numbers are the same.".
The change of color may be caused by an increase of zooxanthellae or that more zooxanthellae algae are visible in the absence of the UV reflective pigments.
Their zooxanthellae will be at a maximum rate of photosynthesis early in the morning, and their natural protective devices(the Xanthophyll Cycle) comes into play during mid-morning and protects them until light intensity drops in the late afternoon(assuming it is sunny all day.).
The thickness of these clams' mantles also allows self-shading of zooxanthellae which, of course, increases the light requirements by increasing the Saturation Point. Jantzen et al.(2008) found T.
Deep-water corals belong to the Phylum Cnidaria and are most often stony corals, but also include black and horny corals and soft corals including the Gorgonians(sea fans).[1] Like tropical corals, they provide habitat to other species,but deep-water corals do not require zooxanthellae to survive.
On the other hand, if the intensity of lightis lower than what the coral usually receives, the zooxanthellae cells will not be able to provide the necessary nutrients through photosynthesis.
These wavelengths are important in zooxanthellae photosynthesis- chlorophylls a and c2 utilize blue while the accessory pigment peridinin absorbs green light up to about 450nm. See Figures 1- 3.
In addition, some corals(such as Acropora cervicornis)are known to host different Symbiodinium species throughout the year- zooxanthellae with tolerance of higher light(and heat) tolerances can be prevalent during the summer months.
However, when corals are immoderately stressed, this causes them to expel more zooxanthellae than necessary, and therefore loss of color results from the expulsion of too many zooxanthellae, and/or the concentration of photosynthetic pigments in these organisms are diminished.
If we assume that few Tridacna clams are imported from Japan and that most are from the Indo-Pacific,those specimens in the aquarium trade contain zooxanthellae of Clades A and C(with the possibility of another, Clade D. Clade D is generally assumed to be an opportunistic clade that exploits stressed environments.).
In this article from Advanced Aquarist,Dana Riddle shows us that the zooxanthellae algaes in coral respond to different wavelengths with higher rates of absorption and thus produce more food for corals.