Примеры использования Ecosystem processes на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Ecosystem processes governing nitrogen retention and loss and its effects;
The resulting impacts of ocean acidification on marine species and ecosystem processes are still poorly understood.
Ecosystem processes are often non-linear, and the outcome of such processes often shows time-lags.
The overall objective of the research is to provide an assessment of the effect of climate change on krill and associated ecosystem processes.
Some of the spatially defined ecosystem processes considered to be important are shown in Figures 14 to 17 of the Workshop Report.
Impacts include localized depletion, loss of habitat complexity,shifts in community structure and changes in ecosystem processes.
A direct driver unequivocally influences ecosystem processes and can therefore be identified and measured to differing degrees of accuracy.
The objective of HCV 2.1 is to protect the ecological integrity of large intact landscapes where natural ecosystem processes have the potential to persist well into the future.
Ecosystem processes are disrupted by habitat fragmentation, pollution and reduced river flows, threatening biodiversity and sustainable land management.
Although the impacts of ocean acidification on marine species and ecosystem processes are still poorly understood, the predicted socioeconomic consequences are profound.
The data gathered are important for assessing the possible influence of mining, including test mining, on the composition of the water,e.g. concentrations of metals, and on ecosystem processes biological activity.
MPAs can assist in rebuilding fish stocks,supporting ecosystem processes, monitoring ecosystem change and sustaining biological diversity.
The monitoring and evaluation of interactions between/responses to climate change and land degradation needs to consider effects on livelihoods andwell-being as well as ecosystem processes and services.
A panellist suggested that large areas were needed to support ecosystem processes in the open oceans given that those processes worked on a far greater scale.
Ecosystem processes are disrupted by habitat fragmentation, pollution, reduced river flows and other hydromorphological pressures, threatening biodiversity and sustainable land management.
Model studies by the Working Group on Effects indicate that climate change influences ecosystem processes and long-term impacts of air pollutants.
These models represent the integration of ocean and ecosystem processes in a framework that can be used to understand physical and biological controls on important commercial species.
Documented negative impacts of bottom fishing gear on VMEs range from localized depletion, loss of habitat complexity,shifts in community structure and changes in ecosystem processes.
Initial assessment: This is an evaluation of the degree to which the stocks of natural capital, ecosystem processes and flows of ecosystem services are exposed to climate change and land degradation.
A large number of studies have documented the effects of mobile fishing gear on benthic habitat, including the loss of habitat complexity,shifts in community structure and changes in ecosystem processes.
It involves creating systems of core protected areas that are functionally linked andbuffered in ways that maintain ecosystem processes and allow species and populations to survive, move and adapt.
For example, some agricultural goods such as food orfibre crops depend on ecosystem processes such as soil formation, nutrient cycling, or primary production as well as on social intervention such as farm labour, knowledge of genetic variety selection and farming techniques, machinery, storage facilities and transportation.
Members are encouraged to undertake scientific research in Special Areas for Scientific Study following ice-shelf collapse or retreat,particularly in order to understand the ecosystem processes in relation to climate change.
The Working Group noted that important foraging areas for unconstrained predators are represented separately as generic ecosystem processes influencing productivity(e.g. the Ross shelf front, the Ross Sea polynya edge) or as concentrations of key pelagic prey species silverfish and krill.
It follows from the submissions that there are still critical needs for habitat mapping in the deep sea, improved understanding of the impacts of various types of fishing activities andgreater knowledge of ecosystem processes and functions.
Activities towards this objective include the collation of data to characterize biodiversity patterns and ecosystem processes, physical environmental features and human activities for 11 priority regions and the convening of a workshop in 2011 to consider different approaches to the selection of candidate sites for further consideration by the Scientific Committee.
The reasons for this are two-fold:(i) many process datasets are regional in scale(e.g. trackingdata for top predators);(ii) expert knowledge of spatially defined ecosystem processes can be more easily incorporated at a regional scale.
For example, in support of established marine protected areas,the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources supported such actions as the collation of data to characterize biodiversity and ecosystem processes, physical environmental features and human activities, the development of a vulnerable marine ecosystem taxa classification guide, data-quality monitoring and the development of trigger levels for vulnerable marine ecosystem taxa.
The Scientific Committee endorsed the advice from the Workshop that conservation outcomes appropriate for achieving the objectives of CCAMLR Article II would include the maintenance of biological diversity,as well as the maintenance of ecosystem processes SC-CAMLR-XXIV, paragraph 3.54iii.
The authors also noted that in order to meet the monitoring requirements for CEMP and to measure climate change impacts,large areas would be needed to encompass the ecosystem processes and these would best be achieved in reference areas where fishing does not occur.