Примеры использования Electronic equivalent на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
{-}
-
Official
-
Colloquial
This is a new cryptocurrency an electronic equivalent for real money.
The word"signature" in today's vocabulary encompasses both manual-ink signature and its electronic equivalent.
A signature or the electronic equivalent from the copyright holder or authorized representative.
The solution provides a data model for paper documents aligned to the United Nations Layout Key and an electronic equivalent in XML and UN/EDIFACT syntax.
As many as 16.5% of viaTOLL system users use the eNote, an electronic equivalent of a traditional paper debit note available for the registered viaAUTO users, for pre-paid as well as post-p.
It was proposed that paragraphs 4 and 5 of draft article 9 be deleted because they did not satisfactorily address the question of the electronic equivalent of an original document.
In its broadest sense, a signature(manual-ink or its electronic equivalent) creates a link between a person(physical or legal) and the content document, transaction, procedure, or other.
This blanket provision would reinterpret any reference to signature orauthentication as meaning the possibility to allow for their functional electronic equivalent.
Procedures for use of negotiable electronic transport records or the electronic equivalent of a non-negotiable transport document that requires surrender.
This may put the seller in the unfortunate position that he cannot fulfil his obligation to tender the proper document to the buyer for example a bill of lading,sea waybill or the electronic equivalent.
When considering a transaction from a manual-ink signature process to its electronic equivalent, it is necessary to consider the context of the transaction itself.
The Belgian delegation sees this as further evidence of the fact that paragraphs 4 and 5 of article 9 cannot, as they stand,be regarded as satisfactorily addressing the question of the electronic equivalent of an original.
As many as 16.5% of viaTOLL system users use the eNote, an electronic equivalent of a traditional paper debit note available for pre-paid as well as post-paid agreements.
The solution provided a datamodel of the document, a paper document aligned to the United Nations Layout Key and an electronic equivalent in XML and UN/EDIFACT syntax.
The Working Group recalled its earlier conclusions that an electronic equivalent to the physical presence of suppliers and contractors contemplated by the current article 33(2) of the Model Law(A/CN.9/575, paras. 37-42) should be provided for.
The solution provides a data model for paper documents aligned to the United Nations Layout Key and an electronic equivalent in XML and UN/EDIFACT syntaxes.
Issues related to electronic equivalent of maritime transport documents are also under consideration by UNCITRAL Working Group III(Transport Law), in the context of the negotiations of a draft new instrument on the carriage of goods wholly or partly by sea.
Although the paper-based transfer of rights had long beengoverned by uniform rules, no such legal framework applied to the electronic equivalent, despite its growing importance.
Yet another suggestion was to define electronic transferable record as the electronic equivalent of a paper-based transferable document or instrument, or as an electronic record that served the same functions as a paper-based transferable document or instrument.
Chapter I, in dealing with transport documents, presupposes that general provisions of the Model Law, particularly those relating to“writing, original and signature”,also apply to the electronic equivalent of transport documents.
By way of example, reference can be made to the Scandinavian development of the"data freight receipt", the electronic equivalent of the paper non-negotiable sea waybill. See K. Gronfors"Cargo Key Receipt and Transport Document Replacement 1982.
It was noted that reference to"the electronic equivalent of a non-negotiable transport document that requires surrender" in the title and in paragraph 1 of draft article 9 might require deletion should the Working Group in its further deliberation decide to delete or revise draft article 49.
The present contribution focuses on paragraphs 4 to 6 of article 9 of the draft convention,which define the electronic equivalent of an original and which, in the view of the Belgian delegation, constitute the main difficulty which the draft still poses.
It was further explained that resistance to the use of electronic communications was due to expectations by business that a document would be presented in paper form,although the paper medium did not always offer higher levels of authenticity and integrity than its electronic equivalent.
Mobile electronic signature is one of the safest among the today's electronic personal identification measures: it is an electronic equivalent of usual signature and identity document(passport or identity card) having legal force.
Since the Convention applies to international transactions only, it is also recommended to create a concurrent legal text for domestic transactions with such a blanket provision which would reinterpret any reference to signature orauthentication as encompassing their functional electronic equivalent.
For the purposes of this paper and as adopted in some laws in order to avoid implications of terms used in prior practice,an electronic transferable record may be considered an electronic equivalent of a transferable instrument(negotiable or non-negotiable) or transferable document.
Actively consider the removal of the requirement for a signature(manual-ink or its electronic equivalent) from trade documents except where essential for the function of the document or the activity and refrain from requiring a signature in new rulings or practices.
It was observed that the term"non-negotiable electronic transport record" was somewhat illogical in light of the difficulty of requiring"surrender" of an electronic record, andit was suggested that the term"the electronic equivalent of a non-negotiable transport document" could be used in its stead.
Under such circumstances, it was surprising that draft article 9,in paragraphs 4 and 5, should purport to define the electronic equivalent of an original when it did not make such equivalence subject to the requirement of singularity of the original, which was intrinsically linked to the very function and nature of an original.