Примеры использования Undirected graphs на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Distributed algorithms on rooted undirected graphs.
Directed and undirected graphs are special cases.
Distributed algorithms on rooted undirected graphs pp.
Undirected graphs of bounded genus, bounded degree, or bounded acyclic chromatic number also have bounded oriented chromatic number.
Distributed algorithms of solving problems on undirected graphs are considered.
The undirected graphs for which every Trémaux tree has this form are the cycle graphs, complete graphs, and balanced complete bipartite graphs. .
This problem can be stated for both directed and undirected graphs.
Distributed algorithms on rooted undirected graphs Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming.
Transitive tournaments play a role in Ramsey theory analogous to that of cliques in undirected graphs.
The Robertson-Seymour theorem states that finite undirected graphs and graph minors form a well-quasi-ordering.
The fact that homomorphisms can be composed leads to rich algebraic structures: a preorder on graphs, a distributive lattice, anda category one for undirected graphs and one for directed graphs. .
In this article, unless stated otherwise,graphs are finite, undirected graphs with loops allowed, but multiple edges(parallel edges) disallowed.
For trees(viewed as undirected graphs by forgetting their orientation and root) the pathwidth differs from the Strahler number, but is closely related to it: in a tree with pathwidth w and Strahler number s, these two numbers are related by the inequalities w≤ s≤ 2w+ 2.
There are variants of modular decomposition for undirected graphs and directed graphs. .
The same definition can be extended to undirected graphs, as well, by defining the oriented chromatic number of an undirected graph to be the largest oriented chromatic number of any of its orientations.
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Chang graphs are a set of three 12-regular undirected graphs, each with 28 vertices and 168 edges.
On the other hand, given a homomorphism G→ H between undirected graphs, any orientation H→ of H can be pulled back to an orientation G→ of G so that G→ has a homomorphism to H→.
It has a more complicated definition than circuit rank(closely related to the definition of tree-depth for undirected graphs) and is more difficult to compute.
At least Δcolors are always necessary, so the undirected graphs may be partitioned into two classes:"class one" graphs for which Δ colors suffice, and"class two" graphs for which Δ+ 1 colors are necessary.
A homomorphism between orientations of graphs G andH yields a homomorphism between the undirected graphs G and H, simply by disregarding the orientations.
Other numbers defined in terms of edge deletion from undirected graphs include the edge connectivity, the minimum number of edges to delete in order to disconnect the graph, and matching preclusion, the minimum number of edges to delete in order to prevent the existence of a perfect matching.
Karp's reduction also implies the NP-completeness of the feedback vertex set problem on undirected graphs, where the problem stays NP-hard on graphs of maximum degree four.
In constructing matchings in undirected graphs, it is important to find alternating paths, paths of vertices that start and end at unmatched vertices, in which the edges at odd positions in the path are not part of a given partial matching and in which the edges at even positions in the path are part of the matching.
In graph theory, the Petersen family is a set of seven undirected graphs that includes the Petersen graph and the complete graph K6.
Formally, let G(V, E) be any graph, and let S⊂ V be any subset of vertices of G. Then the induced subgraph G is the graph whose vertex set is S andwhose edge set consists of all of the edges in E that have both endpoints in S. The same definition works for undirected graphs, directed graphs, and even multigraphs.
Björklund, Husfeldt& Khanna(2004)write that the longest path problem in unweighted undirected graphs"is notorious for the difficulty of understanding its approximation hardness.
This property of being isomorphic to one of the induced subgraphs of any partition is held by only three countably infinite undirected graphs: the Rado graph, the complete graph, and the empty graph. .
Consequently, for an undirected graph, the search for transitive closure is equivalent to finding connected components.
Consider the following game, played on an undirected graph.
It is the smallest undirected graph that is edge-transitive and regular, but not vertex-transitive.