Приклади вживання Auditory cortex Англійська мовою та їх переклад на Українською
{-}
-
Colloquial
-
Ecclesiastic
-
Computer
Areas 41 and 42- Auditory cortex.
Area 17 is the primary visual cortex; and areas 41 and 42 correspond closely to primary auditory cortex.
Its axons transmit a signal to the auditory cortex through the thalamus.
About half of the whole auditory cortex lit up in dogs when listening to these noises, compared with 3% of the same area in humans.
These fibres transmit signals to the brain stem and auditory cortex.
As a result, they reach the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes of the brain, where each cell responds to the sounds of a certain frequency.
When you hear a sound, only some of the neurons in the auditory cortex of your brain are activated.
The frequency tuning curves of neighboring cells overlap, i.e. there are no gaps between them,and a frequency map of sounds is formed on the surface of the auditory cortex.
And let's start simple--let's start with one listener and one brain area: the auditory cortex that processes the sounds that come from the ear.
We constructed melodies consisting of different contours using five identical tones,and then recorded the responses of single neurons of the auditory cortex of the cat.
The researchers were able to turn off the part of the auditory cortex that, in their opinion, the reaction of the mouse to the noise, followed by shock.
Emotional sounds, such as crying and laughter also had a similar pattern of activity,with an area near the primary auditory cortex lighting up in dogs and humans.
In the process of getting used to new sounds,the activity of inhibitory neurons of the auditory cortex increased, which reduced the intensity of the cortical response to the audio recording, but only when the recording was lost during the movement of the animal.
Study leader David Moses said that until today there were no solution of this type, and no one could resolve theproblem of automatic interpretation of neural signals from auditory cortex of the brain.
So, for example, even 10 years ago,scientists believed that each cell of the auditory cortex was once and for all tuned to certain characteristics of sound.
For example, Brodmann areas 1, 2 and 3 are the primary somatosensory cortex; area 4 is the primary motor cortex; area 17 is the primary visual cortex; and areas 41 and 42 correspond closely to primary auditory cortex.
When we listen to music,the brain reacts to it by activations of several regions outside the auditory cortex, including those participating in other forms of mental activity.
What you see in the regions in blue, which lies in auditory cortex, are the brain areas that respond more to the real laughs, and what seems to be the case, when you hear somebody laughing involuntarily, you hear sounds you would never hear in any other context.
According to Peter Schneider of the University of Heidelberg in Germany in 2002,the volume of the auditory cortex of musicians is 30% higher than that of people not related to music.
Now if you look at the brain of an individual who has a cochlear implant and you have them listen to speech, have them listen to rhythm and have them listen to melody,what you find is that the auditory cortex is the most active during speech.
Between 26 weeks and about 40 weeks- the latter the equivalent of full-term birth- the nonprimary auditory cortex in the preterm infants matured quickly,partially catching up to the primary auditory cortex.
The result of their work was an artificial intelligence-based vocoder,capable of fairly accurately interpreting brain activity directly from the auditory cortex, and then translating it into distinguishable speech.
The team alsofound an association between the delayed development of the nonprimary auditory cortex in infancy and language delays in the children at age 2, suggesting that disruptions to this part of the brain as a result of premature birth may contribute to the speech and language problems often seen later in life in preemies, Monson said.
As reported in 2002, Peter Schneider(Peter Schneider) from the University of Heidelberg in Germany,the volume of the auditory cortex of musicians 30% more than people who are not related to music.
The team alsofound an association between the delayed development of the nonprimary auditory cortex in infancy and language delays in the children at age two, suggesting that disruptions to this part of the brain as a result of premature birth may contribute to the speech and language problems often seen later in life in preemies, Monson noted.
This finding in consistent with previous work showing that blind testsubjects can locate sounds using both the auditory cortex and the occipital lobe, whereas normally sighted people only use the auditory cortex.
It's because you're all doing a cross-model synesthetic abstraction, meaning you're saying that that sharpinflection-- ki-ki, in your auditory cortex, the hair cells being excited-- Kiki, mimics the visual inflection, sudden inflection of that jagged shape.
And when we did that,we didn't see responses that are similar in auditory cortices in language, because the language and sound are very different.
So for whatever reason,this implant is not successfully stimulating auditory cortices during melody perception.
And as youcan see, this incoming sound induced entrainment or alignment in all of the brains in auditory cortices that process the sounds, but it didn't spread deeper into the brain.