Примеры использования Access preferences на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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IV. Utilization of market access preferences.
In theory, market access preferences provide LDC exporters with a competitive advantage.
Unpredictability of market access preferences.
In addition, market access preferences granted to least developed countries often contain critical exceptions.
III. Assessing benefits from market access preferences.
The 20 LDCs benefiting most from market access preferences in the EU, Japanese and US markets in recent years Countries.
By 2001, the WTO had announced that 27 countries had improved market access preferences for LDCs.
Benefits from market access preferences may therefore, for LDCs, be seriously impaired by non-tariff barriers to trade.
Particularly important is the socio-economic impact of market access preferences for garment exports from LDCs.
For nearly 30 years, market access preferences have been granted to alleviate the competitive handicaps of LDCs and facilitate their economic growth through export diversification.
Since January 2003, it has expanded its market access preferences for those countries even further.
Undertake a study on the impact on FDI flows to LDCs resulting from the phasing out of market access preferences.
First, the United States does not grant market access preferences to LDCs by virtue of systematic special treatment of these countries.
The World Investment Report 2002 also paid attention to the role of market access preferences for attracting FDI.
Given the temporary nature of market access preferences, maximum use should be made of them while they are still available.
At present, several factors militate against a more effective utilization of market access preferences by LDCs.
Market access preferences can stimulate LDCs' agricultural production and exports if other policies of developed countries do not act in the opposite direction.
Losses are anticipated in some of the LDCs that have been most dependent on market access preferences, such as Lesotho and Madagascar.
The existence of market access preferences for LDCs raises the question of the link between the special treatment offered to those countries and the benefits they have effectively derived, or will derive, from this treatment.
In 2001, the European Union, through the"Everything But Arms"(EBA) initiative, consolidated andimproved market access preferences for all LDCs.
A background note by the secretariat(TD/B/50/5) pointed out that market access preferences had a beneficial impact on investment, job creation and poverty reduction through trade in several LDCs.
It is therefore important that other compensatory forms of special treatment be deployed to overcome the problems that market access preferences were designed to answer.
For example, India grants market access preferences under the Agreement on SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement(SAPTA) to least developed country members of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC.
Many small island developing States have been highly dependent on market access preferences that have been or will be eroded.
One generally considers that market access preferences generate effective benefits when structural(durable and sustainable) socio-economic progress has taken place as a result of the treatment granted.
According to an UNCTAD study, however,nearly half of all exports of goods from LDCs under market access preferences originated in only 11 countries and related to only 17 product categories in 2003.
Market access preferences are not always conducive to effective benefits for recipient countries, particularly when the latter are severely disadvantaged countries facing serious supply constraints.
Issues of supply capacities were underlined as being of critical importance to SIDS,as panelists noted that the desirable market access preferences would be of little use if the capacity to produce more and better exportable goods and services did not exist.
Market access preferences without obstacles to the export of agricultural and basic manufactured products can have a beneficial impact on trade, investment, job creation and poverty reduction in many LDCs, in particular those with a competitive export capacity.
Before the 2001"Everything but Arms"(EBA) initiative through which the EuropeanUnion expanded its GSP coverage for the benefit of LDCs, market access preferences under the Cotonou Agreement(formerly the Lomé Conventions) were more generous than the preferences  granted under the GSP scheme for LDCs.