Примеры использования Attributable to a state на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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However, whether it served any useful purpose to designate such infringements as crimes attributable to a State as opposed to an individual.
The articles in part one of the draft were viewed as a fairly comprehensive statement of the origin of international responsibility attributable to a State.
That did not exclude that conduct by non-State actors, if attributable to a State party, might constitute relevant application of the treaty.
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In that context, it had been noted that the same conduct might be attributable to a State and an international organization, or to two or more international organizations.
As States are juridical persons, one always has to raise the question whether acts committed by natural persons who are allegedly in violation of international law are attributable to a State.
The phrase"any other function",as it pertained to conduct attributable to a State as a manifestation of State practice, needed to be clarified.
The remark was made that the articles in chapters I, II and IV of part two of the draft contained a fairly comprehensive statement of the content, forms anddegrees of international responsibility attributable to a State.
He therefore recommended that the issue of conduct attributable to a State in the context of State practice be examined carefully and discussed in the commentary to draft conclusion 6.
The Commission had drafted clear,precise definitions of the conduct which could be considered as attributable to a State as an act of the State. .
They were"unilateral acts attributable to a State", which consisted of the legislation adopted by States whose effect went far beyond their territory or region.
Secondly, was the obligation to cooperate in order to bring to an end a breach of jus cogens attributable to a State or an international organization customary in nature?
As a general matter, conduct will not be attributable to a State under article 11 where a State merely acknowledges the factual existence of conduct or expresses its verbal approval of it.
So far, however, such practice by other actors has only to a very limited extent been judicially recognized as being attributable to a State party for the purpose of treaty interpretation.
She objected to the idea underlying the article that all wrongful acts attributable to a State would fall within the scope of an international criminal law applicable to States, an idea which overlooked the fact that a wrongful act, however serious, was not necessarily a crime.
He also endorsed the deletion of articles 11 to 14, which merely stipulated that a given conduct was not attributable to a State except as otherwise provided in other articles.
Mr. HE Qizhi(China) said that the articles in part one and in chapters I, II and IV of part two of the draft contained a fairly comprehensive statement of the origin, content, forms anddegrees of international responsibility attributable to a State.
Thus the article seemed to be based on the idea that all wrongful acts attributable to a State would fall within the scope of an international criminal law applicable to States. .
Paragraph 1 referred to the first of the two preconditions for the exercise of diplomatic protection:that relating to the existence of an injury caused to a national by reason of an internationally wrongful act attributable to a State.
There was no relationship, as the terms used in the question might suggest, between whether an act was attributable to a State and whether the State enjoyed immunity from the jurisdiction of foreign courts.
Along similar lines,Germany suggests that the chapter II“might not sufficiently take into account the fact that States increasingly entrust persons outside the structure of State organs with activities normally attributable to a State”. Ibid., p. 36.
For these reasons, the draft Articles should contain a provision stating that conduct not otherwise attributable to a State is so attributable if and to the extent that the conduct is subsequently adopted by that State. .
Genocide will be considered as attributable to a State if and to the extent that the physical acts constitutive of genocide that have been committed by organs or persons other than the State's own agents were carried out, wholly or in part, on the instructions or directions of the State, or under its effective control.
In accordance with the general principle stated in article 3,State responsibility arises when conduct attributable to a State breaches an international obligation of that State. .
Expulsion" means a formal act or conduct attributable to a State, by which an alien is compelled to leave the territory of that State; it does not include extradition to another State, surrender to an international criminal court or tribunal, or the non-admission of an alien to a State; .
The United States has significant concerns with the languagein draft article 2, subparagraph(a), defining expulsion to include"conduct consisting of an action or omission, attributable to a State, by which an alien is compelled to leave the territory of that State. .
It follows, therefore, that in the context of Article 3 complaints, a civil oran administrative action in respect of illegal acts attributable to a State or its agents may only be regarded as an effective remedy where that remedy is capable of establishing the circumstances of the ill-treatment and of leading to the identifi cation and punishment of those responsible.
Draft article 2 defined the terms"expulsion" and"alien" for the purposes of the draft articles."Expulsion", defined in subparagraph(a), meant a formal act, orconduct consisting of an action or omission, attributable to a State, by which an alien was compelled to leave the territory of that State. .
Article 19 thus appears to be based on the idea that all wrongful acts under international law attributable to a State, which the draft articles categorize respectively as crimes and delicts, would fall under an international criminal law applicable to States.