Примеры использования Small pelagic на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Small pelagic fish are usually forage fish that are hunted by larger pelagic fish and other predators.
The importance of sardines,anchovies and other small pelagic fish as some of the richest nutrient sources was highlighted.
Some small pelagic fisheries, such as those targeting dense-schooling herring, capelin and mackerel, generate the least by-catch.
At sea, the group of international researchers on RV Bilim-2 studied various techniques for surveying small pelagic fish species, including the Black Sea's emblematic anchovy.
Apart from some small pelagic species, most fisheries were fully exploited, including most of the demersal stocks.
Whereas, in some demersal finfish fisheries CPUE can provide a suitable index of biomass,this is not the case for small pelagic fisheries such as the krill fishery.
A delegation queried how to introduce small pelagic species into communities that did not consider them to be part of their traditional diets.
What are the rights and obligations of the coastal State in ensuring the sustainable management of shared stocks and stocks of common interest,especially the small pelagic species and tuna?
The fourth outcome is increased fish stocks of small pelagic through the implementation of best fisheries management practices in demonstration sites.
As for pelagic fisheries, it was generally agreed that they were divided in the area into large offshore pelagics with oceanic distribution, large coastal pelagics with a regional distribution and small pelagics.
Moreover, small pelagic fish make up the principal fish protein source for a substantial part of the world population, especially in certain developing countries.
Croatia reported that it had developed monitoring andresearch programmes to determine the status of small pelagic fish and demersal resources, and assess the impact of demersal gears on non-commercial stocks.
The important role of small pelagic species, for example, anchovies and sardines, in the context of food security was highlighted, in view of their high nutritional value and low cost.
The marine harvest has continued to increase slowly since 1970 despite a small decrease in early 1990; the additional production is coming mainly from highly fluctuating small pelagic wild resources and marine and coastal aquaculture.
Note: Th e analysis in fi gure 2.10 includes small pelagic organisms, which reduce the Marine Trophic Index and make the decline in the Index appear less signifi cant than stated in the text.
In segment 2, Brian Crawford, of the University of Rhode Island,Graduate School of Oceanography, Coastal Resources Center(United States of America), focused on the importance of small pelagic fish and their nutritional role in the supply of protein for coastal communities in developing countries.
It has been noted, however, that small pelagic species had shown wide fluctuations in abundance, and bluefin tuna stocks were considered to be depleted, while most demersal stocks were considered to be fully to over-exploited.
The project's main objective is to improve knowledge of fishery resources and their ecosystems-- as a contribution to the development of responsible fisheries management-- by supporting research activities related to the interactions between demersal and small pelagic fishery resources and biotic and abiotic environmental factors.
Capture fisheries total 1.4 milliontons landed each year, primarily small pelagic fish; marine and brackish aquaculture produces 180,000 tons of shellfish and more than 1 million tons of fish annually.
Such an increase was considered feasible if aquaculture production could be doubled in the next 15 years and if significant improvements could be achieved in the conservation and management of world marine fisheries, through stock rebuilding andmore rational harvesting practices, and with the application of food technology to improve utilization of by-catches and small pelagic fish yields for direct human consumption. 126/.
Small-scale fisheries of small pelagics(for example, sardines, anchovies and herring) and some large-scale fisheries for demersal(hake),large pelagic(tuna) and small pelagic fish are found in all subregions of the Central and South Atlantic.
The European Union notes that there is a new demand for seafood products drawn from marine species occupying low trophic levels,particularly small pelagic species and krill, not only for human consumption but also for other uses, such as feed for farmed fish and other commercial uses, and that this demand is growing.
Given the high nutritional value of small pelagic fish such as sardines and anchovies, particularly if they were eaten whole, it was noted by an observer delegation that such species should be reserved for human consumption rather than used as fishmeal in aquaculture.
As an example of the complexities of species interactions which maynullify comprehensive multi-species approaches, it should be noted that at a high prey biomass(e.g., of a small pelagic fish, the sprat), cod food requirements may be provided for, but large sprat stocks prey on cod eggs potentially affecting cod recruitment.
The Working Group noted that within the South African small pelagic fishery management system, a series of open and closed areas around islands on which predators are located are defined, and that these are rotated on a fixed time scale in a factorial design Pichegru et al., 2010, 2012.
Paúl Phumpiu, Vice-Minister for Fisheries,of the Ministry of Production(Peru), described the important contribution of small pelagic fishes to food security as a resource high in protein that was readily available and affordable, and the role of Peru in providing approximately one fifth of the world's production of pelagic fish, a significant portion of which was exported to developing countries.
Pelagic fish range in size from small coastal forage fish, such as herrings and sardines, to large apex predator oceanic fishes, such as bluefin tuna and oceanic sharks.
Known food items include schooling forage fish such as mackerel and herring, benthic fishes such as hake and whiting,larger pelagic fishes such as lancetfish and small billfish, squid such as lycoteuthids and ommastrephids, and possibly crab megalopae.
Major capture fisheries include small(sardines, anchovy, mackerel and scads) and large(tuna) pelagic fish.
The section of the report on pelagic species does not follow the format for the other small group sections of this report because many discussions covered aspects related to abundance, habitat, diet and life history at the same time.