Приклади вживання Political realism Англійська мовою та їх переклад на Українською
{-}
-
Colloquial
-
Ecclesiastic
-
Computer
It reflects political realism.
Political realism is based upon pluralistic concept of human nature.
Similarly, Daniel stops Kolyarattention to the classical theory of"natural states"(i.e. political realism);
Political realism is based on a pluralistic conception of human nature.
Finally, in its desire to build on the eternal andimmutable objective laws of international cooperation political realism it has become, in essence, a hostage of his own approach.
Political realism contains not only a theoretical but also a normative element….
Based on the foregoing, we restrict short consideration of such areas(and their variants),as a political idealism and political realism, modernism, neo-Marxism and transnationalism.
Political realism comes from the acceptance of a pluralistic conception of human nature.
As we shall see from what follows,not all of the above principles set the founder of the theory of political realism Morgenthau, unconditionally shared by other supporters- and, even more so, opponents- in this direction.
However, political realism does not become completely dominant paradigm in the science of international relationships.
The fact is that, based on the understanding of international relationships as a"state ofnature" a power struggle for the possession of power, political realism, in fact, brings this relationships hip to the interstate, which greatly impoverishes their understanding.
Political realism refuses to identify the moral aspirations of a nation with the universal moral norms.
In this respect, the question is whether the 45th US president with his supporters administration andovercome from the standpoint of political realism tendencies and supporters of the neoliberal project of the international community, based on the principles of American globalism?
Political realism is based on"the concept of interest, expressed in terms of power" and requires a rational policy.
Supporters of various theoretical currents, which can be conditionally called"transnatsionalists",put forward the general idea that the political realism and his usual statist paradigm does not correspond to the character and the main trends of international relationships and should therefore be discarded.
If we want to conclude briefly, we should say that despite the conceptual harmony, the desire to rely on the objective laws ofsocial development and considering the tendency to a balanced and rigorous analysis of the international reality, political realism does not become unchallenged dominant paradigm in the science of international relations.
Political realism differs from all other theoretical schools primarily in the fundamental question of how to change the world today.
This is especially true that the contents of the key to political realism theory concepts as"power" and"national interest", it remains quite vague, giving rise to discussions and multi-valued interpretation.
Political realism believes that politics, like society in general is governed by objective laws that have roots in human nature.
At the same time political realism considers a rational policy to be good policy for only a rational policy minimizes risks and maximizes benefits.
Political realism is aware of the moral signifigance of political action. it is also aware of the tension between moral command and the requirements of successful political action.
Political realism believes that changes in the existing world can be realized with the help of the skillful use of objective laws but not by means of subordination of political reality to some abstract ideal that refuses to recognize such laws.
Political realism does not require, nor does it condone, indifference to political ideals and moral principles, but it requires indeed a sharp distinction between the desirable and the possible-between what is desirable everywhere and at all times and what is possible under the concrete circumstances of time and place.
The fact that political realism absolutized the role of force in international relations was driving past to the interstate and does not take into account the important new changes and trends which required the new methods of scientific analysis and their application.
Political realism formed the basis of Kennan's work as a diplomat and historian and remains relevant to the debate over American foreign policy, which since the 19th century has been characterized by a shift from the Founding Fathers' realist school to the idealistic or Wilsonian school of international relations.
Morgenthaus six principles of political realism(paraphrased) are that:[16] International politics is governed by the laws derived from human nature.[4] Realism analyses power and power allows the pursuit of national interest meaning that the national interest is defined as power.[29] Realism acknowledges the moral significance of political action butrecognises the necessity for amorality for successful politics.[30] Political realism doesn't identify the morals of a particular nation with universal morals.
Coined by John H. Herz in his 1951 work Political Realism and Political Idealism, defensive neorealists believe the security dilemma, as expanded by Robert Jervis in"Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma" in 1978, is defined by the assumption that the offense-defense balance tends to favour defensive capability over offensive capability.[14] The outbreak of World War I and its subsequent hostilities is commonly used as an example in which states erroneously believed offensive capabilities to be superior to those of defense.