Examples of using Mathbb in English and their translations into Russian
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Official
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Colloquial
Also written as P or P{\displaystyle\mathbb{P.
Consider the real line R{\displaystyle\mathbb{R}} with its usual Borel topology.
An important case is N R n{\displaystyle N=\mathbb{R}^{n.
A subset of N N{\displaystyle\mathbb{N}^{\mathbb{N}}} is unbounded if it is not bounded.
Let x(t) be a curve in R n{\displaystyle\mathbb{R}^{n.
It is an elementary geometry to see that the complex tangent space to C P n{\displaystyle\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{n}} at the point L is naturally the set of linear maps from L to its complement.
The average treatment effect is given by E{\displaystyle\mathbb{E.
In addition, there are identity constrains on F{\displaystyle F}given by, F⋅ I I{\displaystyle F\cdot\mathbb{I}=\mathbb{I}} where I{\displaystyle\mathbb{I}} represents a vector of ones.
The intervals are also the convex subsets of R{\displaystyle\mathbb{R.
The real line R{\displaystyle\mathbb{R}} has two ends.
Let ω be a non-principal ultrafilter on N{\displaystyle\mathbb{N.
Then Euclidean space R n{\displaystyle\mathbb{R}^{n}} has only one end.
Coxeter enumerated this list of regular complex polygons in C 2{\displaystyle\mathbb{C}^{2.
The conclusion is that every element of thecomplexified C l 3, 1( R){\displaystyle{\mathcal{ Cl}}_{ 3,1}(\ mathbb{R})} in End(H)(i.e. every complex 4×4 matrix) has well defined Lorentz transformation properties.
The same is not true over R{\displaystyle\mathbb{R.
Normalization: The total Chern class of thetautological line bundle over C P k{\displaystyle\mathbb{CP}^{k}} is 1-H, where H is Poincaré-dual to the hyperplane C P k- 1⊆ C P k{\displaystyle\mathbb{CP}^{k-1}\subseteq\mathbb{CP}^{k.
The vertices of these apeirogons exist in C 1{\displaystyle\mathbb{C}^{1.
F T I I{\displaystyle F^{T}\mathbb{I}=\mathbb{I}} This problem can be recast as, max G trace( G T G).{\displaystyle\max_{G}\operatorname{trace}(G^{T}G).} This problem is equivalent to the spectral clustering problem when the identity constraints on F{\displaystyle F} are relaxed.
The first case is the R 3{\displaystyle\mathbb{R}^{3}} cubic honeycomb.
Consider an open subset U{\displaystyle U} of the complex plane C{\displaystyle\mathbb{C.
Inoue introduced three families of surfaces, S0,S+ and S-, which are compact quotients of C× H{\displaystyle\mathbb{C}\times\mathbb{H}} a product of a complex plane by a half-plane.
There are 15 regular complex apeirotopes in C 4{\displaystyle\mathbb{C}^{4.
Mathematicians sometimes identify the Cartesian plane with the complex plane, and then the upper half-plane corresponds to the set of complex numbers with positive imaginary part: H{ x+ i y∣ y> 0; x,y∈ R}.{\displaystyle\mathbb{H}=\{ x+iy\ mid y> 0; x, y\ in\ mathbb{ R}\}.} The term arises from a common visualization of the complex number x+ iy as the point(x, y) in the plane endowed with Cartesian coordinates.
This induces the order topology on R¯{\displaystyle{\overline{\mathbb{R.
The Kirby-Siebenmann class is an element of the fourth cohomologygroup ks( M)∈ H 4( M; Z/ 2){\displaystyle\operatorname{ks}(M)\in H^{4}(M;\mathbb{Z} /2)} which must vanish if a topological manifold M is to have a piecewise linear structure.
They are diffeomorphic to a toroidal cylinder T m- r× R r{\displaystyle T^{ m-r}\ times\ mathbb{ R}^{r.
The one-dimensional sine-Gordon equation makes for a particularly simple example, as the fundamental group at play there isπ 1( S 1) Z{\displaystyle\pi_{ 1}( S^{ 1})=\ mathbb{Z}} and so is literally a winding number: a circle can be wrapped around a circle an integer number of times.
Like many public key cryptosystems, this scheme works in the group( Z/ n Z)∗{\displaystyle\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z.
The archetypical example is the ring Z{\displaystyle\mathbb{Z}} of all integers.
In the above example, the topological statement is that the 3rd homotopy group of the three sphere isπ 3( S 3) Z{\displaystyle\pi_{ 3}( S^{ 3})=\ mathbb{Z}} and so the baryon number can only take on integer values.