Examples of using Quality adjustments in English and their translations into Russian
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Colloquial
Quality adjustments.
When there are changes recorded quality adjustments are introduced.
Quality adjustments.
A part of the price session was devoted to the quality adjustments issue.
The actual CPI quality adjustments are shown in the second-last column.
For the most part, country of origin variables are used as control variables and not used for quality adjustments.
Vii Quality adjustments in construction(Room document No. 2), submitted by the ACSO.
Maintaining sample representativity can impose additional burdens in terms of making explicit quality adjustments.
Quality adjustments were used in the apparel index almost 20,000 times during 1991 to 2002.
Table 5 compares, for each of the 29 substitutions, the actual CPI quality adjustments with those that might be expected with the hedonic approach.
Quality adjustments may be made, for example to reflect test scores, and other distinctions may be made, for example for the cost of different programs by discipline.
Every price collector is supplied with a guideline on quality adjustments, inclusion of substitutes when models change, how to contact the owner(or staff) of the outlets etc.
However, there are instances where country or region does serve to explain quality differences between items, so thatcountry of origin parameter estimates are sometimes applicable for quality adjustments.
Not all regression models were used for quality adjustments and some were used only for short time periods since parameter estimates were believed to be unstable.
These changes and estimates are then discussed and,when the new models are introduced into the CPI, quality adjustments are made based largely on the manufacturers' estimates.
The document presented by Austria explained quality adjustments made in carrying out international comparisons in ECP Group II countries in order to ensure better comparability of goods and services.
In particular, the trade-off both in terms of resources and in terms of the technical quality of the index,between infrequent but large quality adjustments and more frequent but smaller quality adjustments.
The parameter estimates for type of business are not actually used for quality adjustments; however, they do help the overall model specification in that they control for the effects that the different business practices have on price.
Papers presented and discussed were on a number of topics: house price indices; systems of price indices; new ways of calculating the CPI; scanner data;new price collection methods; quality adjustments for services; and sources of weighting data.
Using the Swedish model, quality adjustments would only be possible when a new fibre is introduced with a substitution, not when there is a change in the percentage of a fibre that was already there.
The updated SPPI Guide takes into account methodological developments since the production of the first version of the Guide published in 2006, including pricing methods,the implementation of ISIC 4/NACE 2 classifications, quality adjustments, sampling and treatment of bundled services.
However, the main weaknesses derived essentially from the system itself:poor coordination of procedures(quality adjustments were made differently from one region to another); the non-standardized methodology employed; insufficient checks in the field; and lack of training.
Iv cross-cutting topics(these addressed: Financial intermediation services indirectly measured, including overview, appropriate reference rates andtreatment of negative prices; and quality adjustments in SPPI with emphasis on conceptual differences for rental and leasing, air transportation and advertising);
The international efforts with the more complicated aspects of PPI for services, such as quality adjustments within the consulting industry and the development of the concept supporting PPI for export and import of services, should initially be dealt with in a somewhat smaller group of countries with a greater experience in PPI for services.
Some of the benefits of using alternative data sources mentioned during the session were: a reduction in manual input errors, expanded data coverage,more detailed information for executing quality adjustments, a reduction of interviewing resources, and the ability to access data which is available more and more only through Internet, e.g. packaged holiday tours.
Workshop 6: Quality adjustment: A general framework and the role of Hedonics.
Sampling and quality adjustment using scanner data- study and implementation in Japan.
Quality adjustment.
Sampling and Quality adjustment.
Quality adjustment and seasonal products, clothing and food.