Examples of using Consumer contracts in English and their translations into Arabic
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Computer
Exclusion not limited to consumer contracts.
Many consumer contracts, including mobile phone contracts, are subject to variation clauses.
Participants discussed the role of the judiciary in the revision of prices in consumer contracts.
Through its experience with legislation on consumer contracts through electronic means it hoped to contribute to the Commission ' s work on electronic commerce.
The draft convention does notapply to electronic communications exchanged in connection with consumer contracts.
Japan had enacted a special law on consumer contracts concluded by electronic means and therefore urged Working Group IV(Electronic Commerce) to proceed with care, in view of the importance of the issues involved.
It was noted that a similar phrase in the context of the United NationsSales Convention was understood as referring to consumer contracts.
The commentary should state that paragraph 1(a)was intended to exclude from the draft convention not only consumer contracts but also various other categories of contract concluded for personal, family or household purposes.
In the context of the United Nations Sales Convention, the phrase" personal,family or household purposes" is commonly understood as referring to consumer contracts.
However, although courts generally enforce standard form or adhesion contracts where there is no ability to bargain regarding the terms,even in consumer contracts, sometimes a court will decline to enforce a clause in a standard contract if its insertion amounts to unfair surprise.
Please note that all our mats are custom made to order to suit your individual vehicle which you specify on your order form-Terms in line with consumer contracts regulation.
It was recalled that the Working Group had agreed that the draft convention should not be concerned with consumer contracts on the grounds that many States alreadyhad strong domestic legislation relating to consumer contracts(A/CN.9/527, paras. 83-85) and that UNCITRAL did not have the mandate to deal with consumer issues.
On the other hand, he supported the proposal by Canada that it be made clear in the commentary that the wording of the lattersubparagraph was borrowed from the United Nations Sales Convention and referred to consumer contracts.
Mr. Yamamoto(Japan) reiterated his proposal, which was that the commentary should state that draft article 2, paragraph 1(a),covered not only consumer contracts but also other contracts concluded for personal, family or household purposes.
Those initiatives include a proposal for an Inter-American convention on the law applicable to certain contracts and consumer relations as well as a proposal for a model law on jurisdiction andconflict of laws rules in consumer contracts.
However, unlike the corresponding exclusion under article 2(a) of the United Nations Sales Convention, the exclusion of consumer transactions under thedraft convention is an absolute one, so that consumer contracts would always be excluded even if the personal, family or household purpose of the contracts was not apparent to the other party.
Draft paragraph 1(a) provided for the exclusion of consumer contracts, using the same wording as the United Nations Sales Convention, and draft paragraph 1(b) provided for the exclusion of transactions where it was felt that the application of the convention might disrupt the functioning of markets, especially financial markets, that had established their own rules.
Japan attached major importance to the work on electronic commerce, on which it hadalready promulgated a special law on electronic consumer contracts, and it offered its experience on the subject to UNCITRAL.
His delegation interpreted suchcontracts as being broader in scope than“consumer contracts”, which consisted solely of contracts concluded between consumers and business firms, whereas“contracts concluded for personal, family or household purposes” also covered contracts concluded between ordinary citizens, for instance between a husband and wife.
While the language as such could in principle be used to exclude matrimonial property contracts from the scope of the E-Contracting Convention, this language-- which was initially used in the United Nations Sales Convention--is commonly understood as referring to" consumer contracts"(see paragraph 33 of the Note).
Where the FCC is satisfied that a person has committed, or is likely to commit, an offence against the FCA(other than parts VI or VII of the Act,which deal with implied conditions in consumer contracts and the manufacturer ' s obligations, respectively), it may make a compliance order against that person and any person involved in the offence.
The Commission noted that subparagraph 1(a)reflected the decision of the Working Group to exclude consumer contracts, whereas subparagraph 1(b) excluded particular transactions in the financial service sector for the reason that that sector already contained well-defined rules and inclusion of such transactions within the scope of the draft convention could be disruptive to the operation of those rules.
Under section 59, any person who suffers loss or damage as a result of an offence against the Act(other than under parts VI orVII in the Act dealing with implied conditions in consumer contracts and manufacturers ' obligations, respectively) may apply to the FCC for compensatory orders under this section against the person who committed the offence and any person involved in the offence, whether or not convicted of the offence.
For example, a consumer contract that makes switching suppliers unexpectedly difficult may not only affect consumers ' economic interests but also competition and market entry.
Both proposals provide that e-commerce disputes should be litigated in the forum of the consumer. A third proposal has been submitted for a State-sponsoredinitiative to resolve cross-border electronic commerce consumer contract disputes for the sale of goods and services(referred to below as the" initiative").
The initiative would create a multi-state electronic system to provide negotiation, facilitated settlement,and arbitration for certain cross-border consumer contract claims on the basis of a cooperative framework agreement and model rules.
He said that this interpretation was supported bythe fact that, in the case in question, the consumer contract-- promoting mobile telephone terminals for private customers-- contained a printed arbitral agreement and identified an arbitration centre different from the residence of the consumer.
In so doing, courts rely on the German code of civil procedure that expressly provides that prior to the constitution of the arbitral tribunal, a party may apply to a court to establish the admissibility or inadmissibility of arbitration proceedings. By way of example, relying on Section 1032 of the Code of civil procedure, the German Federal Supreme Court conducted a full review of thearbitration agreement contained in a standard form consumer contract.
Several tools were used by consumer legislation to overcome the issue of information asymmetry between demand and supply sides, such asthe regulation of advertising, labelling and consumer contract terms.
Loan contracts/ consumer and installment transactions should include, at minimum, the following items.