Examples of using P-values in English and their translations into German
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Political
P-values for each parameter.
Median values from Kaplan-Meier analysis; HR and p-values from Cox regression models adjusting for important prognostic factors.
A p-values based on Chi-squared test.
All differences between Lucentis 0.5 mg and the two control groups were statistically significant andclinically meaningful, with p-values ranging from 0.009 to< 0.0001.
P-values were< 0.001 for both mTSS and erosion score and≤ 0.01 for JSN score.
A Primary endpoint from logistic regression adjusted for loading dose andpatient status. p-values for secondary endpoints based on Chi-squared test.
Interpreting p-values- Common flaws and misconceptions aus JBNST- Volume 236/5- 2016, pp.
Pre-Tx Pre-treatment; SD Standard Deviation;SDS Standard Deviation Score[1] P-values for comparison versus pre-Tx values were computed using paired t-tests.
All p-values adjusted for multiplicity of testing based on pre-defined hierarchy, except BASDAI 50 and ASDAS-CRP.
For example different thresholds for fold changes or p-values can be tested or different conditions as well as software settings can be compared.
P-values were derived from comparison for change from baseline within analysis of covariance model with treatment as term and baseline as covariate.
NR not reached; NA not available; HCM hypercalcaemia of malignancy; SMR skeletal morbidity rate; HR Hazard Ratio;RRR Relative Risk Reduction†Adjusted p-values are presented for Studies 1, 2 and 3(first SRE and first and subsequent SRE endpoints);*Accounts for all skeletal events over time; only events occurring≥ 21 days after the previous event are counted.
Other studies: p-values compared each efalizumab group with placebo using Fisher's exact test within each study. p< 0.001.
P-values compared efalizumab with placebo using logistic regression including baseline PASI score, prior treatment for psoriasis and geographical region as covariates. b p< 0.001.* As judged from the patients' histories of psoriasis treatments.
The p-values for ORR and Global Health Status/Quality of Life(QoL) scores are descriptive based on the pre-specified multiplicity adjustment plan.
All p-values are adjusted for multiplicity of testing based on pre-defined hierarchy, except for ACR70, Dactylitis and Enthesitis, which were exploratory endpoints.
The p-values provided in the tables were derived from multiple exploratory comparisons; they should not be interpreted as an indicator of statistical significance that cannot be determined in exploratory studies.
P-values< 0.05 comparing pemetrexed/ cisplatin to gemcitabine/ cisplatin, using Fisher Exact test.**Refer to National Cancer Institute CTC(v2.0; NCI 1998) for each Grade of Toxicity.***According to National Cancer Institute CTC(v2.0; NCI 1998), taste disturbance and alopecia should only be reported as Grade 1 or 2.
CI for HR Non-inferiority p-value HR.
P-value** AQL improvement.
Note that the vertical axis is truncated at 10 -15, but the P-value for MAPT on chromosome 17p is 10 -116.
A p-value comparing the combined tenofovir-containing arms versus the entecavir arm 0.622, b p-value comparing the combined tenofovir-containing arms versus the entecavir arm 1.000.
All Skeletal Related Events(SREs) Placebo Bondronat 6 mg p-value n=158 n=154.
P-value for the superiority test comparing the percentages of virologic success was from the CMH test stratified by the prior treatment regimen EFV/FTC/TDF, FTC/TDF plus boosted atazanavir, or E/C/F/TDF.
Vidaza treatment was associated with a median time to death or transformation to AML of 13.0 months versus 7.6 months for those receiving CCR treatment,an improvement of 5.4 months with a stratified log-rank p-value of 0.0025.
In the study, apixaban was statistically superior to enoxaparin/warfarin in the primary safety endpoint[Relative Risk 0.31, 95% confidence interval(0.17,0.55), P-value< 0.0001] see Table 11.
CI confidence interval; HRA/T hazard ratio of Abraxane/carboplatin to solvent-based paclitaxel/carboplatin;pA/pT response rate ratio of Abraxane/carboplatin to solvent-based paclitaxel/carboplatin. a P-value is based on a chi-square test.
The difference in LS mean change from baseline to Day 21 in the Y-MRS total score between asenapine 10 mg BID and placebo was -3.0 points 95% CI[-5.6,-0.4]; p-value 0.0244.
The incidence of the primary efficacy endpoint defined as first recurrence of AF or premature study drug discontinuation for intolerance or lack of efficacy at 12 months was 75% in the dronedarone group and 59% in the amiodarone group hazard ratio 1.59,log-rank p-value< 0.0001.
The median PFS times were 4.2 months(95% CI: 2.8, 5.7) for pemetrexed(HR=0.59; p-value=0.0004 for crizotinib compared with pemetrexed) and 2.6 months(95% CI: 1.6, 4.0)for docetaxel HR=0.30; p-value< 0.0001 for crizotinib compared with docetaxel.