Examples of using Victimizations in English and their translations into Russian
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Official
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Colloquial
Method is to exclude all series victimizations from estimates.
Repeat victimizations are ongoing in nature and tend to be similar in character.
One strategy to avoid that problem is the possibility of collecting information regarding a longer series of violent incidents the last three victimizations.
Some criminologists believe that such victimizations may be better understood as ongoing offences see Biderman and Lynch.
Furthermore, the Law sanctions actions of inciting and encouraging discrimination and helping in discriminatory treatment,especially actions of harassment, victimizations and segregation.
Moreover, criminologists speak of treating such victimizations as enduring conditions rather than as discrete events Biderman 1975.
This may offer greater precision in the quantity of violence, butit offers less precision in the qualitative aspects of the violence if the victimizations were not very similar or changed in character over time.
For estimates involving incidents rather than victimizations, further adjustments are made to those cases where an incident involved more than one person.
This section should cover the screening technique used to correctly collect the victimizations sustained during the reference period.
Recall that counting victimizations 539. requires knowing the details of each incident to ascertain if an in-scope crime occurred and if so, what type of crime occurred.
Simply, screener questions determine if, and how many, criminal victimizations the respondent sustained in the given reference period.
There are some victimizations that are ongoing in nature and difficult to view as a single event. 537. These victimizations, called repeat or series victimization, include bullying, harassment, mobbing/ harassment in the workplace, and intimate partner violence.
Using the first protocol,that is, obtaining information on the most serious victimizations, can lead to overestimating the proportion of crime that involves more serious offences.
While some multiple or repeat victimizations may be random- a person just happens to experience more than one crime during a given period of time- much of it is associated with a person's employment, lifestyle or relationship with the offender.
Characteristics of victims and offenders: the relationship between the victim and offender(including for example spouse, ex-spouse, dating partner, other relative, acquaintance and stranger), sex of victim and offender, age of victim and offender,repeat victimizations, repeat offenders.
In some cases,particularly with regard to modules on victimizations included in larger surveys, the time taken for the module was very short one or two minutes.
The sole exception to this widespread trend was vehicle theft, since it is an essential requirement to report occurrences in order to make insurance claims(POLSEC, 2005, p. 5) see the annex, table 52,Criminal victimizations by type of offence, frequencies and rates, 2008.
Nevertheless, the final count in a victim survey may include a number of victimizations that had been counted as having been reported to the police but which would not be regarded as a recordable crime by the police.
If these departments are compared with those having the highest rates, it is possible to see how the prevalence of some offence types differs, so that, while robberies and assaults are still the most frequent, domestic violence offences occupy second position, above injuries and homicides see the annex, table 52,Criminal victimizations by type of offence, frequencies and rates, 2008.
Larger samples are required to enable measures of crime victimization because victimizations are relatively rare events and fewer people will be able to provide the desired information.
For example:- The number of rape victimizations in a year per 1,000 women- The number of robbery victimizations in a year per 1,000 persons- The number of assault victimizations in a year among persons aged 20-24 Crime‘density' measures A measure used in the Italian Citizen Safety Survey is that of crime‘density.
The victimization surveys have the advantage of measuring unreported crimes.
Reduced criminal victimization and violence;
This measure is capable of demonstrating the level of repeat victimization.
Victimization surveys and other types of official crime statistics 7.
Crime victimization surveys end-to-end process 14 Figure 3.
Produce guidelines on business victimization surveys.
Viii. manual on victimization surveys 15.
Viii. manual on victimization surveys.
