Examples of using Foreign borrowing in English and their translations into Portuguese
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In the 1970s public deficit was financed primarily by foreign borrowing;
Heavy private foreign borrowing makes adjusting an overvalued exchange rate more difficult.
In Japanese a similar system plays a minor role in foreign borrowings; for example, is written+, and as.
As a result, the net lending of the Portuguese economy should continue,leading to a sustained reduction in foreign borrowing.
In 2010, the combined balance of the current and capital accounts,which reflects the net foreign borrowing requirements of the economy fell from 9.4% to 8.5% of the GDP.
This foreign borrowing parallels what happened in Mexico, where 60% of financial liabilities of large and mid-sized companies were denominated in foreign currencies, although exports were less than 10% of all sales.
One of the most spectacular results of financial liberalization and deregulation,intensified capital flows, enables countries to use short-term foreign borrowing to postpone difficult political decisions.
It was welcomed that,although total foreign debt and foreign borrowing remain high, they are projected to fall further, and that the share of public foreign debt is declining.
The capital requirement was to be met by self-financing(± 2 455,9 Mio ECU),domestic borrowing(± l 484,6 Mio ECU) and foreign borrowing(± 1 664,7 Mio ECU), including± 633,8 Mio ECU from the ECSC.
Many banks are trying to buy finance companies because of the spread between foreign borrowing at low interest and domestic lending at high rates, which is very profitable because of the interest distortions imposed by the government's economic policy," says Affonso Celso Pastore, a former Central Bank President.
Argentina- whose international credit in that era was much poorer than Brazil's,hence did not have the alternative of foreign borrowing in the first place(except for short-term finance)- enjoyed a similar boost.
Thus, foreign borrowing, that in the 1970s backed the state-led import substitution strategy and fiscal indiscipline, continued to have an indirect negative effect on public finances in the first half of the 1980s, as the nationalization of the debt fostered fiscal indiscipline, and set the foundations of a deep fiscal crisis.
From the 1980s the situation of the CFA franc deteriorated because of the drop in world commodity prices(coffee, cocoa), the appreciation of the franc against the US dollar and progressive recourse to foreign borrowing to make up the deficits of the franc zone countries.
Under the sixteen-year parliamentary regime of the republic, with its forty-five governments, growing fiscal deficits,financed by money creation and foreign borrowing, climaxed in hyper-inflation, all made possible by the introduction of paper money after leaving the gold standard as did many other countries during the First World War, and a moratorium on Portugal's external debt service.
As to the possibility of using Community currencies for intramarginal intervention, it must continue to depend, according to the Bundesbank,on the agreement of the central bank whose currency is being used no matter where the amounts being used come from own reserves, foreign borrowing, or resort to the very shortterm credit facilities.
Iii the coordination of foreign borrowing policies of Member States in accordance with the programme put forward in 1980 in the Monetary Committee's report on recycling, once it is certain that Community instruments are geared to the new technical features of financial markets and are adequate to meet the needs of the Member States.
The big question is whether these balances can be controlled if devaluations keep lagging behind inflation, making dollars even cheaper,in the face of credit expansions driven by foreign borrowing, falling domestic interest rates and bailouts of banks and state governments.
For the underdeveloped countries,long-term investment can be preferable to short-term borrowing or foreign portfolio investment.
In addition, the large, rising share of foreign currencydenominated borrowing is of particular concern in a number of countries.
Borrowing and foreign investment were banned under Article 26 of the Constitution, which read:"The granting of concessions to, and the creation of foreign economic and financial companies and other institutions or ones formed jointly with bourgeois and revisionist capitalist monopolies and states as well as obtaining credits from them are prohibited in the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
Angola wants to focus more on Chinese private investors and less on borrowing, Foreign Minister Manuel Augusto said on Wednesday in Beijing.
For its supporters, it had the advantage of conferring an air of scientific credibility upon a policy whose main aims were, firstly,to incite the developing countries to resort to massive external borrowing and foreign investments, and secondly, to subject their development to a dependency on exports.