Examples of using Development compacts in English and their translations into Russian
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Colloquial
Development compacts 56- 74 19.
Further discussion concerned the funding model for development compacts.
Development compacts must be achieved country by country;
The reciprocal obligations that will be have to be spelled out in the development compacts must be worked out carefully.
Since development compacts were country specific, their constituent elements had to be made in accordance with the local demands and contexts.
The independent expert may be asked to explore the approach to development compacts in consultation with these agencies.
The independent expert might undertake consultations with the European Commission in order to further elaborate the development compacts;
What would be the added value of development compacts when funds for development already existed in other United Nations and the Bretton Woods frameworks?
The independent expert might clarify whether monitoring mechanisms that could review development compacts already existed;
This is not to say that the elaboration of the development compacts is not important, but the development compacts do not capture the international dimension of the right to development. .
The representative of the IMF stated that the Fund could not see how the obligations connected with the development compacts would be enforced.
The independent expert, introducing the notion of a fund for financing development compacts, highlighted that this fund would consist of callable contributions of up to 0.7 per cent of gross national product.
To help the support group operate it may be necessary to create a new financing facility called the Fund for Financing Development Compacts.
A mechanism has to be created to manage development partnerships or development compacts, as elaborated in previous reports of the independent expert on the right to development. .
He referred the independent expert to a note from the President of the World Bank presented at a recent meeting indicating theBank's most recent position, which could be relevant to development compacts.
In particular, it was noted that the development compacts would be based on a collective agreement,that each organization can only act within its mandate, and that the development compacts could result in a loss of sovereignty for the IMF.
One participant gave a practical example of a development agreement between his country anda donor country as an illustration of some of the issues raised by the independent expert's development compacts.
It involves the creation of a fund for financing development compacts on the basis of"callable contributions"- commitments made by the donors on a notional basis- whose disbursements can be decided on a case-by-case assessment by a support group.
Establishing a mechanism with the help of the support group to invoke the"callable commitments" of the different DAC members from the Fund for Financing Development Compacts according to agreed principles of burden-sharing;
Setting up a financial facility called the Fund for Financing Development Compacts, with contributions in the form of"callable commitments" from all the members of the Development Assistance Committee(DAC) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD);
On the contrary, many human rights violations occurred owing to the lack of political will by national Governments andit was doubtful whether a commitment such as the one proposed in development compacts would have the desired impact.
The independent expert could explain how the development compacts related to existing development processes such as the Common Country Assessment(CCA)/United Nations Development Assistance Framework(UNDAF), the PRSPs and others;
These are illustrative examples, and are only provided to show that raising an additional $50 billion per year should not be that difficult for the DAC countries,provided they agreed to set up the Fund for Financing Development Compacts in accordance with their commitments to support the human rights standards.
Development compacts- A development compact is a mechanism for ensuring that all stakeholders recognize the"mutuality of obligations", so that the obligations of developing countries to carry out rights-based programmes are matched by reciprocal obligations of the international community to cooperate to enable the implementation of the programmes.
He referred to the work of the independent expert andsuggested that more attention needed to be devoted to the instruments to implement the development compacts, including further work on the role of intergovernmental organizations, the market, the private sector and civil society, in particular the role of trade unions.
Development Compacts- A development compact is a mechanism for ensuring the recognition among all stakeholders of the"mutuality of the obligations", so that obligations of developing countries to carry out these rights-based programmes are matched with reciprocal obligations of the international community to cooperate to enable the implementation of the programmes.
In that context, Alston refers to one example of an approach to international cooperation based on international human rights laws:"One illustration of this approach is the proposal emanating from the United Nations Commission on Human Rights' former independent expert on the right to development, Arjun Sengupta,in which he proposes that'development compacts' would be drawn up between developing countries and an unspecified and presumably largely selfidentified group of donors.
To finance the development compacts, the independent expert invokes the commitment of the international community, particularly the members of the Development Assistance Committee, to contribute up to 0.7 per cent of their GNP for ODA and proposes that a"callable fund" be established that can be resorted to when contingencies arise and a country's right to development programme threatens to be disrupted by lack of finance.
While these development compacts would be country specific, the Independent Expert explained that they should be complemented by international action in the fields of trade and access to markets, debt adjustment for the poorest countries, transfer of resources and technology, application of migration and labour standards, restructuring of the international financial system promoting a greater share of power and in decision-making, and increased flow of private capital to the developing countries.
The process of instituting a development compact involves several steps.