Examples of using Progressivity in English and their translations into Arabic
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
Progressivity in the allocation methodology.
Ensuring greater progressivity of social expenditure.
Progressivity focuses the distribution of regular programme resources to primarily low-income and least developed countries.
This leads to improved progressivity with respect to GNI per capita.
Progressivity: the measures should be seen as a process in which new and more effective measures are progressively developed as confidence between the parties improves.
Developing countries should enhance the progressivity, diversity and stability of their tax and revenue systems.
Progressivity: The measures should be seen as a process in which new and more effective measures are progressively developed as confidence between the parties improves;
For the most part, the limited evidence shows some improvement in the progressivity of the distribution of public expenditure over time.
Numerous studies of the progressivity, or otherwise, of tax systems have come to differing conclusions, partly due to differences in methodology.
The programmatic components are underpinned by interrelatedprinciples with respect to predictability, universality, and progressivity, reaffirmed in decision 2012/1.
Many also noted that progressivity should not jeopardize the basic principle of universality.
Most countries agreed that UNDP should reflect a strong poverty orientation andtherefore a high degree of progressivity in its overall resource distribution.
Other arguments, in particular, progressivity, merely complicated the Committee's work, and should be set aside.
Its three mostimportant basic procedural principles, also following universal and European patterns, are progressivity, proportionality and equal treatment.
Progressivity: Confidence- and security-building measures should constitute a process that entails the progressive development of new and more effective measures so that trust between the parties continues to improve.
In that regard, they reaffirmed that the three key principles- progressivity, predictability and universality- should continue to underpin programming arrangements.
The progressivity principle is meant to focus the major distribution of regular resources earmarked for programme country activities to low-income countries and least developed countries.
Raising the threshold for profits below which enterprises are not subject to VAT and distinguishing between luxury andnecessity goods has been shown to increase the progressivity of VAT.
Progressivity in the allocation of resources relates to the goal of ensuring that proportionately larger resources are allocated to lower-income countries as compared to middle- or higher-income countries.
The Governing Council ' s main objectivein the distribution of country IPFs has been what may be termed progressivity, whereby a higher proportion of resources are allocated to lower-income countries.
In addition, they claimed that the tax would work" to improve progressivity and redistribution in the taxation system… to reduce systemic risk and the likelihood of future crises and to align the incentives of the financial sector with those of the real economy".
In fact, an analysis of the IPF distribution over the last five cycles shows that therehas been a significant increase over the cycles in progressivity or the share of resources assigned to lower-income countries.
This meant that the interimprocedure for General Service staff reflected the progressivity of taxes in the calculation of the related pensionable remuneration levels, while the one-to-one adjustment for the Professional staff did not.
The level of flexibility would still fall short of that exercised by other development programmes,but would maintain the high degree of progressivity in UNDP resources that flow to low-income and least developed countries.
The Canadian proposal that positive progressivity should be introduced in the assignment of points to countries above the low per capita income threshold addressed a problem that affected only a handful of countries and would cause far greater distortions in the scale methodology.
Universality ensures that UNDP development resources andactivities are available to support all eligible countries; progressivity focuses the distribution of regular programme resources to low-income and least developed countries.
Financial transaction taxes will improve progressivity and redistribution in the taxation system, limit the incentives for damaging short-term speculation in financial markets, reduce systemic risk and the likelihood of future crises, and align the incentives of the financial sector with those of the real economy.
In so doing, it is presumed that it would be useful to preserve the attractive features of the current arrangements, such as:the emphasis on increasing progressivity; the prominence given to the least developed countries(LDCs); universality; and the recognition of special development characteristics of specific countries.
His delegation did not support the proposal regarding the progressivity of the low per capita income adjustment. The original purpose of the adjustment had been to reduce the financial burden of low income countries, while the purpose of progressive taxation systems used in some countries was usually to redistribute individual income.
California's government collects about one-half of its income-tax revenue from the top 1% of the state's taxpayers.But the system's extreme progressivity makes proceeds so volatile that the state continually experiences boom-bust cycles of rapidly rising revenue, inevitably followed by collapse.