Examples of using Reduction and refinement in English and their translations into Croatian
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Colloquial
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
Principle of replacement, reduction and refinement.
The care and use of live animals for scientific purposes is governed by internationally established principles of replacement, reduction and refinement.
When choosing methods,the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement should be implemented through a strict hierarchy of the requirement to use alternative methods.
(c) any elements that may contribute to the further implementation of the requirement of replacement, reduction and refinement.
The principles of replacement, reduction and refinement in the area of animal experimentation laid down in the Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and the Council(16) should be observed.
The areas of scientific use for which animals will be used including replacement, reduction and refinement in the respective areas;(b).
The principles of replacement, reduction and refinement concerning the care and use of live animals for scientific purposes should therefore be taken into account during the design and performance of clinical trials.
The Commission should also conduct periodic thematic reviews concerning the replacement, reduction and refinement of the use of animals in procedures.
Member States should establish national committees for the protection of animals used for scientific purposes to give advice to the competent authorities and animal-welfare bodies in order topromote the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement.
Advise the staff on the application of the requirement of replacement, reduction and refinement, and keep it informed of technicaland scientific developments concerning the application of that requirement;(c).
The Union Reference Laboratory may collect charges for the services it provides that do not directly contribute to the further advancement of replacement, reduction and refinement.
Advise the staff of the establishment on the application of the requirement of replacement, reduction and refinement and keep it informed on the latest technical and scientific developments on the application of those requirements;
Clinical field trials shall be conducted in accordance with established principles of good clinical practice and in accordance with the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement of animal testing.
The lack of systematic dissemination may also slow down the uptake of new ways to implement replacement, reduction and refinement, defeating the very reason for the obligation to carry out retrospective assessments.
(39) Comprehensive ethical evaluation of projects using animals, which forms the core of the project authorisation,should ensure implementation of principles of replacement, reduction and refinement in those projects.
EURL-ECVAM publishes a series of strategies21 outlining holistic solutions to achieving replacement, reduction and refinement of animal use while maintaining or improving human and environmental protection.
Comprehensive project evaluation, taking into account ethical considerations in the use of animals, forms the core of project authorisation and should ensure the implementation of principles of replacement, reduction and refinement in those projects.
The Commission shall, where appropriate, and in consultation with the Member States and stakeholders,conduct periodic thematic reviews of the replacement, reduction and refinement of the use of animals in procedures, paying specific attention to non-human primates, technological developments, and new scientific and animal-welfare knowledge.
Member States should establish national animal welfare and ethics committees to give advice to the competent authorities and permanent ethical review bodies of establishments in order topromote the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement.
To ensure that the way in which animals are bred, cared for and used in procedures in the Community is in line with that ofthe other international and national standards outside the Community, the replacement, reduction and refinement should be considered systematically when implementing this Directive.
The body should also follow the development and outcome of projects at establishment level, foster a climate of care and provide tools for the practical application and timely implementation of recent technical and scientific developments in relation to the principles of replacement, reduction and refinement, in order to enhance the life-time experience of the animals.
Moreover, the voluntary collaboration platform European Partnership for Alternative Approaches to Animal Testing(EPAA) 29, launched in 2005, grouping the European Commission, European trade associations, and currently 36 companies from 7 industry sectors,aims for the replacement, reduction and refinement of animal use for meeting regulatory requirements through better, more predictive science.
And this while the government officially strives for sustainable agriculture, and for reduction, refinement and replacement of animal experiments.