Examples of using Observational data in English and their translations into Romanian
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Medicine
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Ecclesiastic
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
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Programming
Using observational data.
I develop and test models of the Big Bang,using observational data.
Roughly, observational data is any data that results from observing a social system without intervening in some way.
The second main strategy researchers can use with observational data is forecasting.
Analyses of observational data suggest an increased risk of acute NAION in men with erectile dysfunction following exposure to tadalafil or other PDE5 inhibitors.
ODLog is an easy-to-use application for the accurate timing and recording of observational data.
And in some cases researchers will need to collect their own observational data(as in the case of social media censorship).
The question now arises whether theoretical statements can address any topic beyond observational data.
In other cases,researchers will need to collect their own observational data(as in the case of Chinese censorship);
These strategies are neither mutually exclusive or exhaustive, butthey do capture a lot of research with observational data.
Big data is everywhere, but using it andother forms of observational data for social research is difficult.
Finally, large data sets greatly increase our ability to make causal estimates from observational data.
Thus, in addition to business and government records, observational data also includes things like the text of newspaper articles and satellite photos.
Finally, big data increases our ability to make causal estimates from observational data.
As such empiricism is first and foremost characterized by the ideal to let observational data"speak for themselves", while the competing views are opposed to this ideal.
It allows without special knowledge in sensitivity analysis to identify most important drivers of models most objectively andeasily from a small set of observational data.
A crude way to think about it is that observational data is everything that does not involve talking with people(e.g., surveys, the topic of chapter 3) or changing people's environments(e.g., experiments, the topic of chapter 4).
A first step to learning from big data is to realize that it is part of a broader category of data that has been used for social research for many years: observational data.
Therefore, postmarketing safety data collection andrisk assessment based on observational data are critical for evaluating and characterising a product's risk profile and for making informed decisions on risk minimisation.
All three of these examples- the working behavior of taxi drivers in New York, friendship formation by students, andsocial media censorship behavior of the Chinese government- show that relatively simple counting of observational data can enable researchers to test theoretical predictions.
In addition to the big data used in the two previous examples,researchers can also collect their own observational data, as was wonderfully illustrated by Gary King, Jennifer Pan, and Molly Roberts'(2013) research on censorship by the Chinese government.
Retrospective observational data from three large haemodialysis clinics in the US over a 1 year period included the treatment of over 8,600 patients with more than 33,300 administered doses of Rienso; nearly 50% of patients received repeat dosing with 4 or more doses.
European-funded projects in the field of scientific data infrastructures share a common vision: any form of scientific content resource(scientific reports, research articles,experimental or observational data, rich media, etc.) should be easily accessible, as a knowledge-sharing platform, through user-friendly e-Infrastructure services.
Arguments have been put forward that the observational data best fit with the conclusion that the shape of the global universe is infinite and flat,[6] but the data are also consistent with other possible shapes, such as the so-called Poincaré dodecahedral space[7][8] and the Sokolov- Starobinskii space(quotient of the upper half-space model of hyperbolic space by 2-dimensional lattice).
As with many interventions intended to prevent ill health, the effectiveness of parachutes has not been subjected to rigorous evaluation by using randomised controlled trials.Advocates of evidence based medicine have criticised the adoption of interventions evaluated by using only observational data. We think that everyone might benefit if the most radical protagonists of evidence based medicine organised and participated in a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover trial of the parachute.”.
Taking observational data that describes a problem, system, or process, the software constructs a working mathematical model. compatible with data stored in a variety of popular formats(e. g., Microsoft Excel), its AI-powered, self-organizing, modeling algorithms allow users to easily extract new and useful knowledge to support decision-making.
Although large datasets don't fundamentally change the problems with making causal inference from observational data, matching and natural experiments- two techniques that researchers have developed for making causal claims from observational data- both greatly benefit from large datasets.
The Cochrane review(Lethaby et al 2004) and analysis of available observational data(Anderson 2003, Beresford 97, Jain 2000, Hill 2000, Hully 98, MWS 2005, Newcomb 2003, Pike 97, Pukkala 2001, Weiderpass 99) suggest that addition of progestogen for at least 12 days per cycle reduces, but may not completely eliminate, the increased incidence of endometrial cancer caused by unopposed oestrogens; and that combined continuous HRT does not increase the risk of endometrial cancer.
As with many interventions intended to prevent ill health, the effectiveness of parachutes has not been subjected to rigorous evaluation by using randomised controlled trials.Advocates of evidence based medicine have criticised the adoption of interventions evaluated by using only observational data. We think that everyone might benefit if the most radical protagonists of evidence based medicine organised and participated in a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover trial of the parachute.”.
Α The frequency category was estimated based on observational study data.* See section 4.4.
