Examples of using Rigidities in English and their translations into Russian
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Official
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Colloquial
They do not see nominal rigidities as an explanation for the failure of markets to clear.
A new, results-based budgeting system is essential to move us beyond the constraints and rigidities of micromanagement.
Structural impediments and rigidities in the legal and administrative framework should also be addressed.
In many developed anddeveloping countries institutional rigidities have resulted in market failures.
Unfortunately, the rigidities are often imposed on the basis of considerations that are ultimately discriminatory in nature.
The Bretton Woods institutions had exhibited pernicious rigidities and were slow in responding to financial crises.
OIOS observed rigidities inhibiting a manoeuvre of military assets between peacekeeping missions operating in the same subregion.
This is illustrated by the observations of the solar cosmic ray event of 20 January 2005 with two neutron monitors that have not too different cutoff rigidities.
The problem is exacerbated by systemic rigidities and in particular the slow pace at which vacancies are filled.
The top-down approach was however necessary to provide impetus to the Agreement andovercome initial organizational resistance, bureaucratic obstacles and rigidities.
Ball and Romer argued that real rigidities in the labor market keep a firm's costs high, which makes firms hesitant to cut prices and lose revenue.
The recent trends in commodity prices, especially as regards oil and foodstuffs,combined with rigidities in local factor markets, are further fuelling inflation.
Ix Removing excessive rigidities resulting from regulation and reducing non-wage costs, without derogating from the basic rights of workers;
No State has the right to subject persons to these conditions,regardless of constraints on resources, rigidities in its legal system or the time required to develop new facilities.
Inadequate policies and rigidities in health systems result in the continued use of interventions with little or no benefit(see Box 2) 25.
Prior to the ICPD, Pakistan suffered from weak political commitment,lack of adequate resources, shifts in population policies, and socio-cultural rigidities.
This weak response has largely been attributed to supply-side rigidities arising from weak productive and trade capacities, poor infrastructures and weak demand.
The end of the rigidities of the cold war begs the question why such rigidities should continue in bodies which were established to deal with the consequences of the cold war.
While there is a need for some freezing of systems and organisations to permit change to flourish,it is essential to avoid rigidities in these systems when committed to transforming them.
For example, a firm can face real rigidities if it has market power or if its costs for inputs and wages are locked-in by a contract.
On the other hand, coefficient γ M,determined using Maklakov tonometry with different weights appears to be significantly dependent on both structural rigidities E c and E s, but dependence on corneal rigidity is stronger 10, 11.
As outlined in the information provided, the rigidities inherent in this policy had cumulative economic effects, which made it ultimately unsustainable.
While some studies suggested that menu costs are too small to have much of an aggregate impact, Laurence Ball and David Romer(1990)showed that real rigidities could interact with nominal rigidities to create significant disequilibrium.
Instead of looking for rigidities in the labor market, new Keynesians shifted their attention to the goods market and the sticky prices that resulted from"menu cost" models of price change.
Control considerations related to the management of advisers have also introduced certain unintended rigidities into the management of each entity's regular programme of technical cooperation allocation.
However, the rigidities of the labour markets- the presence of centralized bargaining, high severance costs and high taxes on wages- all impeded the necessary adjustments in labour demand.
The limited availability of core funding,the inadequate strategic capacity of some organizations, and the rigidities in human resources procedures and practices may be among the factors hindering more rapid responses.
Countries hit by financial crises that are linked to domestic financial imbalances should address those imbalances, such as: large fiscal deficits;inadequate functioning of the banking sector due to lack of banking regulations; and rigidities of exchange rates.
Such policies intended to eliminate rigidities in the countries concerned and to foster a macroeconomic environment conducive to sustained economic growth.
The least developed countries, comprising a total population of almost 600 million,continue to face numerous structural rigidities, infrastructural bottlenecks, mounting debt overhang and weak institutions.
