Examples of using Bitstream in English and their translations into Slovenian
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Programming
Direct bitstream and multi-channel Linear PCM output via HDMI.
ADSL-based broadband networks: unbundled access to the local loop, bitstream access.
Bitstream access enables new entrants to provide retail broadband access services to end users.
In certain cases, remedies are outdated when they finally become available,e.g. ATM bitstream in Germany.
Previously, for many FPGAs, the design bitstream was exposed while the FPGA loads it from external memory(typically on every power-on).
In all cases up to 30 September 2005,NRAs have required incumbents to provide bitstream access.
New entrants are gradually shifting from resale and bitstream access towards local loop unbundling in the provision of broadband services.
For FTTH/FTTB networks: ducts access, access to dark fibre,unbundled access to the local loop, and bitstream access.
For example bitstream access offers are not yet available on a consistent basis across the EU, and call termination rates continue to diverge.
We need more consistent ways to access fixed networks- like standardising ways to access networks,so-called"virtual bitstream" products.
In several cases, the points in the network at which bitstream access had to be granted were either not specified or insufficient to enable the development of competition19.
The task of the editor is to verify whether the submission meets our requirements in respect to metadata quality andcompleteness, bitstream consistency and IPR.
Bitstream access is generally considered to be an essential stepping stone for new entrants towards investment in full-scale roll-out of their network on the basis of local loop unbundling(first through“shared” and then through“full” unbundled access).
In some cases, important access products have been made available only recently, e.g. naked DSL in the Czech Republic,Cyprus and Slovenia or bitstream in Slovakia.
Efficient regulation of the markets for wholesale broadband access("bitstream access") and for unbundled access is a key factor for the competitive development of retail broadband markets and for the development of triple play services provided over broadband infrastructure.
For example the countries with the highest penetration(above 15%) all have high cable penetration butoften also well-developed access regimes such as for ULL or bitstream.
The wholesale access products offered on this network layer may consist of active inputs,for example bitstream over fibre, passive inputs, for example fibre unbundling in the ODF, in the cabinet, or at the concentration point or non-physical or virtual wholesale inputs offering equivalent functionalities to passive inputs.
FPGAs that store their configuration internally in nonvolatile flash memory, such as Microsemi‘s ProAsic 3 or Lattice‘s XP2 programmable devices,do not expose the bitstream and do not need encryption.
Improve the framework for competition in services, notably by continuing to relax restrictive rules in regulated trades and professions, improving public procurement procedures, without exempting new telecom markets from regulation andeffectively regulating wholesale bitstream access;
This includes inter alia(i) access to the civil engineering infrastructure,(ii) unbundled access to the copper and fibre loops,(iii) unbundled access to the copper sub-loop,(iv) non-physical or virtual network access, and(v)wholesale broadband access(bitstream services) over copper and fibre networks(comprising, among others, ADSL, ADSL2+, VDSL and Ethernet).
Improve competition in product and services markets, notably by continuing to relax restrictive rules governingmany liberal professions and effectively regulating wholesale bitstream access;
When applied by national telecoms regulators, the Commission's guidance will ensure that operators will be able to buy broadband access products,such as unbundled local loops or"Bitstream", in a similar way across the EU.
Wholesale unbundled local loops, which now represent 12.8% of PSTN lines in the EU, have grown over the year(full unbundling by 54.2%,shared access by 33.8%), while bitstream grew by 10.5%.
After a certain time, competitors tend to rely on a combination of both forms of access, investing in their own infrastructure up to the incumbent's local loop where economically possible, i.e. normally in more densely populated regions,whereas they depend on bitstream access in rural areas.
But the upgrading of the choke points in the high-speed internet must not become a new and enduring bottleneck for competition in the future, and we have plenty of evidence that the transition to fibre will make the business case for alternative investors much more difficult, because unbundling of fibre is currently neither technically nor economically possible, which means that alternative operators must invest in their own fibre oruse a bitstream service of the incumbent.