Voorbeelden van het gebruik van Leniency programmes in het Engels en hun vertalingen in het Nederlands
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Programming
Interaction between leniency programmes and actions for damages.
Leniency programmes are generally recognised as an important tool to detect secret cartels.
The EESC consequently welcomes the proposals aimed at preserving the efficiency of leniency programmes.
The EESC supports also leniency programmes which make it possible to identify numerous infringements.
It is important, for both public and private enforcement, to ensure that leniency programmes are attractive.
Clarify the relationships among the leniency programmes of the EU and the national enforcement agencies;
Leniency programmes have an enormous impact on the number of detected cartels
To this end, the Commission and some Member States have established leniency programmes applying these conditions.
Leniency programmes which have proved their worth in the fight against cartels must also be rolled out across all Member States.
As a result, virtually all Member States have introduced leniency programmes and a significant process of alignment with the MLP has taken place.
Both leniency programmes and civil liability contribute by their effects to the same aim:
This is a very significant development for cartel enforcement in the Community as leniency programmes are the cornerstone of efficient cartel detection.
partially convergent leniency programmes.
The adoption of national leniency programmes is another trend which has been very marked: whereas only three Member States had a leniency programme in 2000, there are now 19.
preserve the efficiency of the EU and national leniency programmes where they exist.
The aim of these leniency programmes is to facilitate the detection by competition authorities of cartel activity
namely the interaction between private damage claims and leniency programmes.
In order to protect the leniency programmes of the European competition authorities,
chapters on searches/inspections(with best practices) and on leniency programmes(to which further chapters will be added later);
Supports leniency programmes which make it possible to identify numerous infringements,
Member States should pay particular attention to the protection of the effectiveness of Leniency Programmes that are used in investigations under criminal law into cartel behaviour.
to exempt them from sanctions when they are involved in the infringement leniency programmes.
interplay between leniency programmes and criminal prosecution;
not all national competition authorities have set up leniency programmes; only 18 authorities(plus the Commission)
on means of investigation other than leniency programmes in particular surprise inspections.
airline mergers and alliances, leniency programmes, competition in the natural gas industry,
costs of damages actions; and interaction between leniency programmes and actions for damages.
notably as regards the protection of leniency programmes, in order to preserve the central role of public enforcement in the EU.
Second, competitors are expected to continue to blow the whistle on cartels spontaneously, by making use of the leniency programme.
Notably the ECN Model Leniency Programme(MLP), developed in the ECN,