Examples of using Cross-subsidisation in English and their translations into Finnish
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The system proposed amounts to cross-subsidisation between airports.
Commercial activities by NPBs are however separated from their promotional activities in order to avoid cross-subsidisation.
Other methods also exist, such as cross-subsidisation and social support.
For example, cross-subsidisation between card schemes and their processing units or offers of bundled services are not acceptable.
At the close of each financial year an independent auditor shall verify the situation andpublicly declare that such financial cross-subsidisation has not occurred.
Is it the case that cross-subsidisation between the production company and the network company is now a thing of the past?
It should, however, be noted that the main concernsraised by competitors and customers relate to alleged cross-subsidisation and State financing of such acquisitions.
This cross-subsidisation is estimated at €10 billion in Germany for 1998-2006() and €19 billion in the UK, Germany and France for 1998-2002.
Most of the industry saw that sector-specific financing creates market distortions and cross-subsidisation between consumers thereby raising overall communications costs.
This also requires that the commercial and network activities of the national gas company Gasum are unbundledto ensure fair and equal conditions and prevent cross-subsidisation.
Consumers' main concerns related to the lack of transparency of accounts or cross-subsidisation that can lead to a situation in which the consumers pay too much.
Therefore, to verify if there is cross-subsidisation, it is necessary to establish internal cost and revenue allocation in such a manner that it is possible to obtain transparency in this matter.
It is not known whether the cost of processing cheques is passed on to the customer in the form of higher charges on other services("cross-subsidisation"), but it would be strange if this were not the case.
SEPA should also increase transparency,which will limit cross-subsidisation and hidden pricing, although optically, some users may perceive the switch from high hidden pricing to low visible pricing as a price increase.
Other comments argue that cream-skimming can have negative effects in particular in cases of tariff averaging and internal cross-subsidisation between profitable and loss-making services.
Second, cross-subsidisation of universal services outside the reserved area out of revenues from services in the reserved area is prohibited unless strictly necessary to fulfil specific universal service obligations imposed in the competitive area.
In a situation where there are few orno contributions from the State, a cross-subsidisation means that some airlines will be overcharged to compensate for the losses generated by other airlines.
I am pleased that the text does not rule out the separation of activities, when that same separation is advocated in all other industrial sectors as a means of avoiding cross-subsidisation and the dumping that ensues.
According to the Commission study,second-order effects such as cross-subsidisation by carriers using profits generated on routes outside the scope of the measures towards routes covered by the measure could occur but would be small.
In Sweden, Portugal, Greece, Finland and Spain many of the airports are operated in a system of airport networks with standard airport charges,which means cross-subsidisation and often results in little transparency.
Where the legal entity providing groundhandling services receives cross-subsidisation from non-aeronautical activities, the entity managing the airport infrastructure or the entity managing the centralised infrastructure shall demonstrate that this is compliant with paragraph 3.
NRAs should ensure adequate accounting transparency of pricing schemes for access provided by incumbent operators,in order to avoid undue cross-subsidisation that could distort market conditions.
Also cross-subsidisation, that is to say that part of the toll currently charged for existing infrastructures may be used to create a fund to finance alternative infrastructures, especially in the region of the Alps, in projects such as the Brenner tunnel or the Lyon-Turin connection.
Beyond that, the financial relations between these different activities must be clearly identified by effective separation of the accounts to enable railway undertakings to keep closer tracker of the costs of their operations and to avoid cross-subsidisation.
The Commission's only responsibility is to see to it that, whatever the nature of the contract, whatever it may say about,for instance, new technical solutions or cross-subsidisation, competition is allowed and other economic actors have the chance to bid for the contract.
Under certain circumstances, cross-subsidisation in the postal sector, where nearly all operators provide reserved and non-reserved services, can distort competition and lead to competitors being beaten by offers which are made possible not by efficiency(including economies of scope) and performance but by cross-subsidies.
This Annex aims to establish objective, transparent andrealistic methods based on well established principles of Community law no overcompensation or cross-subsidisation, separation of accounts, verification of costs, promotion of quality and efficiency.
However, in some justified cases, subject to the provisions of Article 90(2), cross-subsidisation can be regarded as lawful, for example for cultural mail as longas it is applied in a non-discriminatory manner, or for particular services to the socially, medically and economically disadvantaged.
However, the Commission also came to the conclusion that the Bavarian system for granting such aid did not effectively preclude the grant of pure operating aid to the machinery rings themselves, or the cross-subsidisation of other commercial activities carried out by the machinery rings.
However, that the companies involved organise their ethylene oxide andethanolamines businesses as separate profit centres, making cross-subsidisation unlikely, and checks were carried out as to whether the transfer price at which this raw material was incorporated in the cost of production of ethanolamines reflected market value.