Examples of using Cross-subsidisation in English and their translations into Polish
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Official
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Colloquial
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Medicine
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Ecclesiastic
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Ecclesiastic
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Financial
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Official/political
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Programming
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Computer
Cross-subsidisation between activities must be avoided.
Engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidisation;
Is it the case that cross-subsidisation between the production company and the network company is now a thing of the past?
Commercial activities by NPBs are however separated from their promotional activities in order to avoid cross-subsidisation.
There was no evidence of cross-subsidisation between the different products.
At the close of each financial year an independent auditor shall verify the situation andpublicly declare that such financial cross-subsidisation has not occurred.
Complaints received by the Commission pointed to possible cross-subsidisation of other commercial(“non-core”) activities of the rings.
This cross-subsidisation is estimated at €10 billion in Germany for 1998-2006() and €19 billion in the UK, Germany and France for 1998-2002.
It cannot be excluded that insurers will decide to limit cross-subsidisation, which might lead to an increase in prices in certain areas.
Cross-subsidisation of revenues between these categories is often necessary to balance out this differentiation in security charges for different destinations.
Consumers' main concerns related to the lack of transparency of accounts or cross-subsidisation that can lead to a situation in which the consumers pay too much.
The new framework also provides that research institutions should separately allocate costs and revenues to economic and non-economic activities, in order toavoid possible cross-subsidisation.
Most of the industry saw that sector-specific financing creates market distortions and cross-subsidisation between consumers thereby raising overall communications costs.
Similarly, the prohibition for merchants to charge customers a usage fee, surcharging15,in many networks may hinder the development of more efficient payment instruments as the true costs are hidden to the consumers via cross-subsidisation.
In a situation where there are few or no contributions from the State, a cross-subsidisation means that some airlines will be overcharged to compensate for the losses generated by other airlines.
Taking into account the two-way access nature of termination markets,further potential competition problems include cross-subsidisation between operators.
Secondly, SEPA should also increase transparency,which will limit cross-subsidisation and hidden pricing, although optically, some users may perceive the switch from high hidden pricing to low visible pricing as a price increase.
Compensation necessary for running a public service can be accepted, butthere is no justification for over-compensation or for cross-subsidisation of adjacent markets.
According to the Commission study, second-order effects such as cross-subsidisation by carriers using profits generated on routes outside the scope of the measures towards routes covered by the measure could occur but would be small.
In Sweden, Portugal, Greece, Finland and Spain many of the airports are operated in a system of airport networks with standard airport charges,which means cross-subsidisation and often results in little transparency.
Prior to liberalisation of the telecom sector,provision of service was State-led, with cross-subsidisation by monopoly undertakings ensuring the availability of basic services, in particular connection to the fixed network and local calls.
However, the Commission also came to the conclusion that the Bavarian system for granting such aid did not effectively preclude the grant of pure operating aid to the machinery rings themselves, or the cross-subsidisation of other commercial activities carried out by the machinery rings.
Where the legal entity providing groundhandling services receives cross-subsidisation from non-aeronautical activities, the entity managing the airport infrastructure or the entity managing the centralised infrastructure shall demonstrate that this is compliant with paragraph 3.
The cooperating importers have opposed the establishment of a minimum price, arguing that such asystem would be inappropriate, owing to the risk of cross-subsidisation between mandarins and other canned items that are imported.
Strengthening the supervisory role of the Federal Network Agency,the abolition of cross-subsidisation between the network operator and rail service providers and the opening of sales and ticket infrastructure to competitors would foster competition in the short run.
Natural gas undertakings shall, in their internal accounting, keep separate accounts for each of their transmission, distribution, LNG and storage activities as they would be required to do if the activities in question were carried out by separate undertakings,with a view to avoiding discrimination, cross-subsidisation and distortion of competition.
The alleged abuse involved cross-subsidisation at the time Chronopost was launched(1986) and thereafter, consisting in providing commercial and logistic assistance to Chronopost at unduly low costs, thereby enabling the latter to apply abusively low prices aimed at ousting competitors.
It is, however,easy to see the risk that huge sums would be needed for a long period of time without creating a sustainable industrial activity and risking cross-subsidisation to other activities, particularly in the shipbuilding sector where competition is very strong.
The Commission requires Germany to introduce in its scheme the obligation for the machinery rings to pass on the full amount of aid to farmers, andto either prohibit“non-core activities” of machinery rings, or to limit the exercise of“non-core activities” to legally independent subsidiaries of the machinery rings and thus prevent cross-subsidisation.
However, that the companies involved organise their ethylene oxide and ethanolamines businesses as separate profit centres,making cross-subsidisation unlikely, and checks were carried out as to whether the transfer price at which this raw material was incorporated in the cost of production of ethanolamines reflected market value.