Examples of using Cross-border use in English and their translations into Russian
{-}
-
Official
-
Colloquial
Cross-border use of electronic signature and authentication methods continued.
More costs could be saved, however, if a system of cross-border use of military assets could be facilitated.
Part Two Cross-border use of electronic signature and authentication methods.
The Commission of the European Communities published a preliminary draft of a directive on the cross-border use of collateral in 2000.
Facilitating the cross-border use of electronic transferable records is of significant practical importance.
Let us recall that this publication is devoted to issues of electronic signature andauthentication methods as well as cross-border use of electronic signature and authentication methods.
Cross-border use of electronic authentication and signatures becomes a real issue in systems that either mandate or favour a particular technology.
It should be mentioned that the aforementioned draft European Union directive on the cross-border use of collateral also contains a conflict of laws rule for book-entry securities.
The view was expressed that technical interoperability, while it constituted a desirable objective,should not be regarded as a theoretical prerequisite for cross-border use of electronic signatures.
Cross-border use of signed documents becomes more complicated when public authorities are involved, as receiving authorities in a foreign country typically require some evidence of the identity and authority of the signatory.
The Expert Group confirmed that, as long as internationally recognized CA's have not been developed and recognized,it will be extremely difficult to implement the cross-border use of electronically signed documents.
Zhou noted the global financial crisis has offered a special opportunity for the rapid growth in the yuan's cross-border use in trade and investment due to both the crisis of confidence in the world's major currencies and closer regional cooperation.
It was felt, however, that the notion of a"comparable" level of reliability in the practices of suppliers of certification services did not afford the degree of legal certainty that might be needed to promote cross-border use of certificates.
March 13(Xinhua)-- China will promote the convertibility of Renminbi under capital accounts step by step,although the yuan's increasing cross-border use will accelerate the process, People's Bank of China(PBOC) governor Zhou Xiaochuan said Wednesday.
As noted above,one of the main obstacles to the cross-border use of electronic signatures and authentication has been a lack of interoperability, due to conflicting or divergent standards or their inconsistent implementation.
Such countries may find it useful to devise common liability standards oreven harmonize their domestic rules, so as to facilitate cross-border use of electronic authentication and signature methods.
In conclusion, it was indicated that the cross-border use of electronic transferable records called for the discussion of various complex legal aspects of electronic transactions and that UNCITRAL was uniquely positioned in terms of expertise and composition to undertake such work.
There was general support for the Working Group to continue its work on electronic transferable records andthe need for an international regime to facilitate the cross-border use of electronic transferable records was emphasized.
Emphasizing the need to enable the cross-border use and recognition of electronic trade data and documents, and the need for all countries to adopt single window and mutual recognition of documents, as part of efforts to facilitate exports from least developed and landlocked developing countries.
An opposing view was that a rule on non-discrimination was not sufficient to enable the comparison of different certificates and signatures,which would inevitably be required to facilitate the cross-border use of electronic commerce.
It has been observed that, from an international perspective,legal difficulties are more likely to arise in connection with the cross-border use of electronic signature and authentication methods that require the involvement of third parties in the signature or authentication process.
The Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market 2016/0280(COD), also known as the EU Copyright Directive, is a proposed European Union(EU) directive intended to ensure"a well-functioning marketplace for the exploitation of works andother subject-matter… taking into account in particular digital and cross-border uses of protected content.
In that regard, it emphasized the need to enable the cross-border use and recognition of electronic trade data and documents and called particularly on transit countries to adopt single window and mutual recognition of documents, as part of efforts to facilitate exports from least developed and landlocked developing countries.
Wide accession to the recently adopted United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, which provides in its article 9 for the functional equivalence between electronic signatures and traditional types of signature,may go a long way towards facilitating cross-border use of electronic signatures.
Arguably, the minimalist approach facilitates cross-border use of electronic authentication and signatures, since under this approach any method of electronic signature or authentication may be validly used to sign or authenticate a contract or communication, as long as it meets the above general conditions.
At its fortieth session, the Commission will have before it a note by the Secretariat prepared pursuant to that request,that analyses legal issues related to the cross-border use of electronic authentication and signature methods(A/CN.9/630). For suggested scheduling of meetings to consider this agenda item, see para. 63 below.
Wide accession of the recently adopted United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, which provides in its article 9 for the functional equivalence between electronic signatures and traditional types of signature,may go a long way towards facilitating cross-border use of electronic signatures.
Other inconsistencies in the criteria for the recognition of electronic authentication andsignature methods may not prevent their cross-border use in principle, but the cost and inconvenience arising from the need to comply with the requirements imposed by various jurisdictions may reduce the speed and efficiency gains expected from the use of electronic communications.
They focus primarily on issues arising out of the international use of electronic signature and authentication methods supported by certificates issued by a trusted third-party certification services provider, in particular digital signatures under a public key infrastructure(PKI),since legal difficulties are more likely to arise in connection with the cross-border use of electronic signature and authentication methods that require the involvement of third parties in the signature or authentication process.
In response to those observations it was stated that draft article 18 served a useful purpose,since it allowed the circulation and cross-border use of certificates without calling for bilateral or multilateral international agreements on the recognition of certificates which some States might consider to be required in order to grant recognition under draft article 19.